Unit 6 Independence Becoming Canada

Question 1

What financial situation did Britain face after the Seven Years’ War?

Answer 1

Britain was deeply in debt.

Question 2

What was the colonial response to Britain’s decision to raise taxes?

Answer 2

Colonists refused to pay, believing in ‘No taxation without representation.’

Question 3

What significant event began in 1775?

Answer 3

Protests turned into rebellion.

Question 4

Who took command of the army fighting British rule during the American Revolution?

Answer 4

George Washington.

Question 5

What year did the United States declare its independence?

Answer 5

1776.

Question 6

What were the two sides in the American Revolution?

Answer 6

• Patriots (supporters of the rebellion)
• United Empire Loyalists (supporters of British rule)

Question 7

What was the outcome of the Loyalist migration?

Answer 7

Loyalists migrated to the British colonies of Quebec and Nova Scotia.

Question 8

How much did the Loyalist migration increase the British population in Quebec?

Answer 8

By 10%.

Question 9

What did Loyalists want to implement in Quebec?

Answer 9

British laws and customs.

Question 10

What concern did Canadiens have regarding Loyalists?

Answer 10

Whether Loyalists would endanger Canadien rights.

Question 11

What did Loyalists negotiate for in terms of land?

Answer 11

Land treaties to take over land for settlement.

Question 12

What did the Royal Proclamation of 1763 recognize?

Answer 12

First Nations’ rights to land.

Question 13

What impact did Loyalists have on Mi’kmaq lands?

Answer 13

They moved into Mi’kmaq hunting and fishing grounds.

Question 14

What did Loyalists seek in the late 1780s?

Answer 14

To use British laws and customs instead of French laws and customs.

Question 15

What was Britain’s dilemma regarding the Loyalists?

Answer 15

Owed them goodwill while needing to maintain support from Canadiens.

Question 16

What was the Constitutional Act of 1791?

Answer 16

Divided Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada.

Question 17

What laws were established in Upper Canada according to the Constitutional Act?

Answer 17

British civil law and criminal law.

Question 18

What rights were guaranteed to Canadiens in Lower Canada?

Answer 18

Rights to the Catholic Church.

Question 19

What type of government was established in Upper and Lower Canada?

Answer 19

Representative government.

Question 20

What did citizens elect in a representative government?

Answer 20

Representatives to an assembly.

Question 21

What was the War of 1812?

Answer 21

A conflict between the United States and British North America.

Question 22

Why did the War of 1812 occur?

Answer 22

Britain shut down trade with France, and Americans wanted more land.

Question 23

What did Americans expect from British colonists during the War of 1812?

Answer 23

To join them against British rule.

Question 24

How did the War of 1812 contribute to Canadian identity?

Answer 24

It united diverse groups against a common enemy.

Question 25

What sense did holding their ground in the War of 1812 foster?

Answer 25

A sense of national pride.

Question 26

What was the Great migration ?

Answer 26

After the war of 1812, Britain wanted more of their own people to populate British North America. Over 800,000 immigrants came here from England, Scotland, Wales & Ireland

Question 27

What was the Treaty of Ghent?

Answer 27

A treaty between America and Britain. It ended the war of 1812. In the treaty, both sides agreed to leave everything as it had been before the war.

Question 28

Who was Laura Second, and what did she do?

Answer 28

Wife, mother, and farmer whose home was invaded by American soldiers. She listened in on their plans, then ran away (traveled 32 kilometers on foot through woods and swamp) to warn the British of the Americans’ upcoming attack. The British take the Americans by surprise instead and win (thanks the Laura).

Question 29

Tecumseh: who was he? How did he take Fort Detroit?

Answer 29

First Nations leader (Shawnee group) who brought together many different First Nations groups to defend their land against America. Wanted Indigenous Canadians to get their own recognized nation in North America (if they helped Britain win the war of 1812). This never happened. Outsmarted the American general in charge of Fort Detroit (played off his fear of the First Nations people).

Question 30

Why did the United States attack British North America (now known as “Canada”)?

Answer 30

We were still a British colony, and they were angry at the British for: Cutting off trade between America and France and forcing American sailors to fight for the British navy. They had recently fought a war against them (for over-taxing Americans and denying them representation in their own government), so they still saw Britain as an enemy. ALSO, Americans wanted to take/use our land and resources

Question 31

What is the definition of “petition?”

Answer 31

To ask for something in a formal way