Unit 6: Fossil fuels and electricity pg. 102-104

Question 1

How are fossil fuels formed?

Answer 1

STEP 1:
Fossil fuels were formed in Earth’s crust millions of years ago.
STEP 2:
Pre-historic animals and plants lived millions years ago, and then they died/decayed.
STEP 3:
Sand, mud and rocks compressed dead plants and animals.
STEP 4:
1 000 000 years later, the pressure and heat turn the dead plants and animals into fossil fuels (underground and sea). Oil, Coal and Natural Gas formed.

Question 2

Where are most fossil fuels found?

Answer 2

Fossil fuels are mostly found deep under the Earth’s crust.

Question 3

Where are oil and natural gas found?

Answer 3

Oil and Natural Gas are found deep under the ocean floor.

Question 4

What are used to drill to get the Oil and Natural Gas?

Answer 4

Oil rigs.

Question 5

What does SA have large deposits of and mainly where?

Answer 5

SA has large deposits of coal, mainly found in Mpumalanga.

Question 6

Coal is the main source for what?

Answer 6

Coal is the main source for power stations.

Question 7

What percent of our coal is used to make electricity?

Answer 7

80%.

Question 8

How can the energy in coal be used to provide electricity for us?

Answer 8

The power stations burn coal. The heat is used to generate electricity for us to use.

Question 9

How can the Sun’s energy power our televisions?

Answer 9

STEP 1:
Energy from the Sun is absorbed by plants.
STEP 2:
Plants die and turn to coal over millions of years.
STEP 3:
Coal is mined and then burnt in a furnace to heat water into steam.
STEP 4:
The steam pushes a fan inside the wheels of a turbine.
STEP 5:
The turbine wheels power a generator, which changes the movement energy into electricity.
STEP 6:
The electricity is sent to a step up transformer, which increases the power of electricity to send it over long distances.
STEP 7:
The step-down substations receive the electricity, and decreases the power of it to make it safe in our homes.
STEP 8:
Electricity runs from the plug through a wire into the television (device), which changes it into sound and light energy.

Question 10

How many years does it take to make fossil fuels?

Answer 10

It takes millions of years to make fossil fuels.

Question 11

What happens when they are all used up?

Answer 11

They cannot be replaced quickly/easily. We cannot renew them over a short period of time.

Question 12

We call fossil fuels as _____-_____ _____ of _____.

Answer 12

We call fossil fuels as NON-RENEWABLE SOURCES of ENERGY.