Unit 6 and 7 test Flashcards
Why did America’s Population grow?
starting to cram more people in small spaces
people are moving into america to achieve land and get better jobs
better transportation so people can travel places quicker
What are Cowboys?
transport cattle to other land and hurd them in large areas, usually poor people or hispanics
what did the Homestead Act of 1862 grant?
gave free public land in the western territories to setters who would live on and farm the land
But u have to live on the land for at least 5 years
what did Many african americans move west following the civil war ?
to seek new opportunities
what’s the Mechanical reaper?
it increased the efficiency of production and linking resources and markets
what’s the Reservation policy?
Forcible removal of the american indians
What’s the Medicine lodge treaty?
one of the treaties americans are making with native americans
what are the Immigration Trends after the civil war?
Immigrants came from southern and eastern europe as well as asia
Most immigrants to American came from northern and western europe
Why did people immigrate to America?
Europe and russia immigrants were coming for more religious reasons
Jews were coming to pittsburgh penn for religious reasons
Italians were coming over for mainly poverty
How did immigrants contribute to the US?
Chinese workers helped to build the transcontinental railroad
Immigrants worked in textile and steel mill in the northeast
Eastern europeans worked in coal mines on the east coast
Immigrants worked in the clothing industry in new york
what does assimilation mean?
when people are moving into a new culture and adapting to whatever society of culture they live in
why was Ellis island in New York harbor important?
immigrants from Europe entered America through Ellis island
what was the American Protective Association?
Americans formed groups to oppose the “immigrant threat”
Supported laws to restrict certain groups of immigrants
what was the Chinese Exclusion Act?
restricted the number of immigrants that can come from china
what was the Immigration restriction act?
set quotas , or limits, on the numbers of immigrants from Europe
what cities were formed as the nation’s industrial growth increase?
chicago , Detroit , Cleveland , Pittsburg , and New York
What was the problem with the increase of cities?
- no piped water
- bad sanitation
- a lot of crime
- a lot of fires
- house shortages
- need new public services
what is a corporation?
a company that sells shares ( stocks) in the company to raise money
What is the Bessemer Process?
made the production of steel more efficient led to a growth in the steel industry
made by Henry Bessemer
what were the new uses for steel?
Steel used in railroads and farm machines and barbed wire
what is a Robber baron?
people who don’t use their money and power to benefit society
what is a Captain of industry?
people who do use their money and power to benefit society
who are some examples of captain of industries?
John d rockefeller- oil
andrew crangle- steel
JP morgan-banker
cornelius- buys all the railroads and controls them.
what is Horizontal Integration?
Buy out your competition until you have control of a single area industry having a monopoly
what is Vertical integration?
you control all phases of production from the raw material to the finished product
what did the Sherman antitrust act do?
limit the ability of the big business man taking control of others no more greedy businessmen
what does rutherford do that’s important?
he ends reconstruction
What factors contributed to the growth of the US economy?
Raw materials Labor supply because immigrants Advanced transportation Talented entrepreneurs Labor - saving technology Capital- has money
what was the Progressive period ?
The period from Reconstruction through the early twentieth century was a time of contradictions for many americans
what were the Working conditions for labor like?
dangerous working conditions
- child labor
- Long hours, low wages, no job security, no benefits
- employment of women was often unfair
what is a Muckraking?
people that would walk around and expose dangerous working conditions in certain places
who is Grover cleveland?
- Democrat
- Laissez-faire president
- Civil service system
- Interstate commerce
what was the Populist party?
- people party wanted to help the people
- Wanted graduated income tax someone who makes more money gets taxed more
- Started in nebraska
- Wanted regulated labor laws
what does Initiative mean?
a bill that originated directly with the people rather then the lawmakers
what does referendum mean?
voters vote directly on an initiative
what does Recall mean?
voters can get rid of a corrupt official
what are Accomplishments of the progressive movement ?
In elections (Direct election of US Senators)(Secret ballot)
In child labor (Muckraking literature described abuses of child labor )(Child labor laws)(Fair labor standards act)
Education (Public schools continued to teach the 3 r
writing , reading , and rithmetic)(Added social sciences)
(Kindergarten and middle and high schools)
what is the 19th amendment?
women got the right to vote
what is Carry nation ?
walk around to bars and destroy all the alcohol because she hates it
what is the haymarket strike?
wanted a stroke because they wanted an 8 hour work day (better working conditions) and somebody throws a bomb into the crows and killed seven police officers . consequence makes the person who made this strike look bad and very disorganized and makes the union look like their violent
what is the homestead strike?
steelworkers at the carriages homestead plant called a strike and then henry clay frick hired strikebreakers and cut wages . strikebreakers got fired
Nine dead
Union lost support and gave in
what is the pullman strike?
Pulmans company laid off 3000 employes and cut wages
Strike called in spring
American railway workers boycotted trains with pulman cars
Strikebreakers hired, strike turned violent
Debs was jailed and strikers were fired
who was WEB Du Bois?
blacks must fight for equality
Wasn’t a big guy on education wanted normal social free quality
He created the National association for the advancement of colored people
who was Booker t washington?
all about education he believed that the most important thing that blacks needed to do to achieve equality is to have education believed that if blacks get educated they could get better jobs and be wealthier
what was teddy roosevelt’s square deal?
set the agenda for congress
Arbitrated disputes between union leaders and coal mine owners
Broke up monopolies
Regulated railroads to prevent price fixing and corruption
Created the food and drug administration and meat inspection act
what was Woodrow wilson’s new freedom?
expanding the government and used the government to regulate businesses
what is Imperialism?
stronger nations attempt to create empires by dominating weaker nations
who was William Mckinley?
- Last president to have served in the civil war
- Republican
- President during the Spanish and America war
- Raised protective tariffs
who controlled Cuba and who helped Cuba gain their independence?
spain controlled and the US helped them
what is Yellow journalism?
A journalism tactic using sensationalized headlines to attract readers and the headlines might not even be true
what is Jingoism?
aggressive foreign policy
what was the Spanish American war and what did the US gain from it?
A little war
Cost of war was loss of life and money was minimal
The US became a world power as a result of this war
The US gained these areas( philippines ,Gaum ,and Puerto Rico)
What were the main causes of the spanish american war?
- Sinking the uss maine
- Yellow journalism
- De Lome letter
what was the treaty of Paris ?
- Cuba was granted Independence
- Guam and Puerto Rico ceded to the US
- US purchases the Philippines from Spain
what was the open door policy?
- In an effort to open trade opportunities for the United states in China an open door policy to european leaders and japan
- Called for equal trading rights in China for all count
what are some of Theodore Roosevelt’s accomplishments?
- leader of the progressive movement
- New york state assembly
- New york city police commissioner
- Secretary of the navy
- Governor of New york
- President
- He built the great white fleet
- He starts the Bull Moose party
what is The Roosevelt Corollary? and what was it an addition to?
- in addition to the Monroe doctrine
- Doctrine declared that the United States would intervene with force if necessary in latin American nations to prevent European interventions
what is Dollar Diplomacy?
Established by President Taft
Attempt to discourage European intervention in Latin America
A policy that encouraged American banks and businesses to invest in Latin American countries in order to discourage their reliance on European countries
why did they want to build the panama canal?
Americans needed a shorter route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
what was the good side of world war 1?
The good side Russia and France
what was the bad side of world war 1?
The bad side Germany,Austria Hungary,and Italy
what are the five main reasons why the countries went to war?
Militarism Alliances Nationalism Imperialism Assassination
why was the war first started?
The archduke of Austro Hungary Ferdinand was assassinated by a serbian nationalist because Austro Hungary was not letting serbia from creating a large independent slavic state
who declared war on serbia and who did serbia have an alliance with?
- Austria Hungary declared war on Serbia
- Serbia had an alliance with Russia
who did Germany have an alliance with?
who did Germany and Austria Hungary declare war on?
- Germany allied with Austria Hungary
- they declared war on Russia and France
what was the Sinking of the lusitania?
Germans believed it was carrying weapons to the British) Other countries including the US got mad because it was unrestricted warfare
what was The zimmerman telegram?
A letter that was going from Germany to Mexico making a secret alliance) and then the British intercepted the letter and gave it to the US and they found out
what was The preparedness movement?
Mobilize the whole entire US and the whole economy get enough supplies and people for the war
what was the National defense act?
gave the US government rights to take over more parts of the economy to support the war
