Unit 6: Ancient Rome

Question 1

Latifundia

Answer 1

large Roman farming estates bought and run by wealth families

Question 2

Republic

Answer 2

A form of government in which citizens choose their leaders by voting

Question 3

Triumvirate

Answer 3

in ancient Rome, a group of three leaders sharing control of the government.

Question 4

Inflation

Answer 4

a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.

Question 5

Tribune

Answer 5

an official in ancient Rome chosen by the plebeians to protect their interests.

Question 6

Patrician

Answer 6

a member of the privileged upper class.

Question 7

Plebian

Answer 7

an ordinary citizen in the ancient Roman republic

Question 8

Paterfamilias

Answer 8

male head of family

Question 9

Pax Romana

Answer 9

A period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman Empire, lasting from 27 B.C. to A.D. 180.

Question 10

gladiators

Answer 10

trained fighters, usually slaves, who fought in arenas as entertainment

Question 11

Twelve Tables

Answer 11

Rome’s first code of laws; adopted in 450 B.C.

Question 12

mercenary

Answer 12

hired soldier

Question 13

conscript

Answer 13

to force someone into military service

Question 14

Apostle

Answer 14

leader or teacher of a new faith or movement

Question 15

Heresy

Answer 15

the crime of holding a belief that goes against established doctrine

Question 16

Bread and Circuses

Answer 16

A Roman bribery method of coping with class difference. Entertainment and food was offered to keep plebeians quiet without actually solving unemployment problems.

Question 17

Julias Caesar

Answer 17

The great Roman leader who created the first Triumvirate and became dictator for life. Wanted to change Government. Assassinated by Senate:

Question 18

Octavian/Augustus Caesar

Answer 18

grandnephew of Julius Caesar, adopted as his son; Augustus means “exalted” or “majestic”; became the 1st Roman Emperor

Question 19

Hannibal Barca

Answer 19

Carthaginian military commander who, in the Second Punic War, attempted a surprise attack on Rome, crossing the Alps with a large group of soldiers, horses, and elephants.

Question 20

Constantine

Answer 20

Emperor of Rome who adopted the Christian faith and stopped the persecution of Christians (280-337)

Question 21

Ptolemy

Answer 21

a Greco-Roman mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer; known for the geocentric theory

Question 22

Cause of Punic Wars

Answer 22

the primary cause of the wars was a conflict between Rome and Carthage over trade in the Mediterranean Sea and specifically trade in the area surrounding Sicily

Question 23

Effects of the Punic Wars

Answer 23

the effects were that Rome decisively defeated Carthage in all three wars and took control over the entire Mediterranean Sea region

Question 24

Punic Wars Time Period

Answer 24

A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage (264-146 B.C.)

Question 25

Causes of the collapse of the Roman Empire

Answer 25

1. Empire was too large to control 2. Economy in decline 3. Loss of morality 4. Military weakness 5. Weak Administration 6. Civil Conflict 7. Invasion by Germanic tribes

Question 26

Collapse of Roman Empire

Answer 26

476 CE

Question 27

Effects of Pax Romana

Answer 27

public building programs (aqueducts, roads for trade and military movement, and gymnasiums and spas), crime reduction on roads and seas (protects trade routes and pleases merchant class), high taxes (peasant farmers pay for public works programs), and impoverished people became slaves

Question 28

Pax Romana time period

Answer 28

27 BCE-180 AD

Question 29

Spread of Christianity in the Roman Empire

Answer 29

monks (missionaries) traveled and spread the christian religion, especially in German lands