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Evn Exam 1 Unit 5-6 > Unit 6 > Flashcards

Unit 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the atmosphere?

A

Thin blanket of gas

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2
Q

What would the earth look like without an atmosphere

A

Lifeless rock

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3
Q

Why are greenhouse gases essential to life on Earth?

A

Retain Heat

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4
Q

How much of the atmosphere is made of Nitrogen(N2)?

A

78%

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5
Q

How much of the atmosphere is made ofoxygen (O2)?

A

21%

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6
Q

How much of the atmosphere is made up of argon (A)?

A

1%

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7
Q

How much of the atmosphere is made of carbon Dioxide (CO2)?

A

.03%

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8
Q

How much of the atmosphere is made of nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (O2)?

A

99%. add 78 plus 21 equals 99

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9
Q

What is humidity?

A

Amount of water vapor in the atmosphere

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10
Q

What happens to air density as you increase elevation or altitude?

A

It decreases

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11
Q

What force keeps gas molecules pulled to Earth’s surface?

A

Gravity

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12
Q

What is atmospheric presure

A

The force of air molecules. you feel it in every dorection

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13
Q

Which is more dense: Warm or Cool air?

A

Cool air

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14
Q

Why does warm air rise?

A

Because it is less dense

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15
Q

Which of the following is the correct order of atmospheric layers based on temperature from the surface to outer space?

A

Tropsoehs, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere. exosphere

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16
Q

Where does the troposphere get its heat?

A

From the earths surface

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17
Q

What is the average temperature gradient in the troposphere?

A

Celsius

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18
Q

As you get farther from Earth’s surface in the troposphere, does the temperature increase or decrease?

A

Decrease

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19
Q

At what altitudes does the troposphere approximately exist?

A

10 km

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20
Q

At what altitudes does the stratosphere approximately exist?

A

50 km

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21
Q

Does temperature increase or decrease with increasing altitude in the stratosphere?

A

Increase

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22
Q

What does the ozone layer in the stratosphere do that greatly helps life on earth?

A

Absorbs uv rotation

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23
Q

At what altitudes does the mesosphere approximately exist?

A

50-80 km

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24
Q

Does temperature increase or decrease with increasing altitude in the meososphere?

A

decrese

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25
Q

Approximately how much of the atmosphere is below the mesosphere?

A

99/9%

26
Q

At what altitudes does the thermosphere approximately exist?

A

85 km

27
Q

Does temperature increase or decrease with increasing altitude in the thermosphere?

A

increase

28
Q

What is ionosphere?

A

solar radiation that ionizes gas molecules

29
Q

What is radiation?

A

energy that moves from one place in wave particles

30
Q

Which of the following parts of visible light has the longest wavelength?

A

Reds

31
Q

Which of the following parts of visible light has the shortest wavelength?

A

Violets

32
Q

What is albedo?

A

The measure of reflection on an object

33
Q

Which of the following would have the highest albedo?

A

Snow

34
Q

What is temperture?

A

The measurement of how fast the atoms and materials are vibrating.

35
Q

What is heat?

A

Measure if materials total energy

36
Q

What is latent heat?

A

The heat required to change state

37
Q

What is specific heat?

A

The heat required to raise temperature

38
Q

Water has a very high specific heat. What does that mean?

A

Takes a lot of energy to increase it.

39
Q

Warm air rising creates what kind of pressure zone on the ground?

A

High pressure

40
Q

Cool air descending creates what kind of pressure zone on the ground?

A

low Pressure

41
Q

What is the horizontal flow of air in the atmosphere called??

A

wind

42
Q

What creates wind?

A

Uneven heating of the earths surface.

43
Q

How does rising air create clouds?

A

Cool it down enough too 100 humidity, relative humidity

44
Q

What creates local winds?

A

Small high and low pressure

45
Q

Why does a local shoreline have a sea breeze during the day?

A

Land heats up fast than the ocean

46
Q

Why does a local shoreline have a land breeze during the night?

A

The ocean heats up slower

47
Q

What are monsoonal winds?

A

Large version of land breezes

48
Q

What creates mouton and valley breezes?

A

Temperature differences

49
Q

What are katabatibc winds?

A

Move up and down slopes

50
Q

what is the result of a large amount of solar energy hitting the equator?

A

Creates a low pressure zone

51
Q

Where does air that rises at the Equator go?

A

Move towards the pole at the top of the troposphere and delfects right

52
Q

What is the Hadley Cell?

A

20-30 rises above the equator and moves around

53
Q

Approximately what latitudes does the Hadley cell cover?

A

0 degrees to 20-30

54
Q

What is Midlatitude (Ferrel) Cell?

A

Between 30-60 degrees N and S

55
Q

Approximately what latitudes does the Midlatitude (Ferrel) Cell cover?

A

Next cycle from the Hadley cell 20-30 to 50-60

56
Q

Polar cell?

A

Smallest cell where cold air decends

57
Q

Approximately what latitudes does the Polar Cell cover?

A

60-70 degreee

58
Q

What is the Coriolis Effect?

A

A parent deflection to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere

59
Q

How does the Coriolis Effect impact movement of air on Earth’s surface?

A

the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere

60
Q

What is the Polar Jet Stream and where is it?

A

In Between the polar 50-60 north and south latitude

Evn Exam 1 Unit 5-6 (2 decks)

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