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Computer Science > Unit 6 > Flashcards

Unit 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components in client server networking?

A

There is one or more computer known as clients and a powerful central computers known as a server

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2
Q

Where can client acess files from?

A

Either from its own files and resources or from the servers files

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3
Q

What are the types of servers in file servers networks?

A

File servers, print servers, web servers, mail servers, database servers

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4
Q

How are requests processed in client server networks?

A

Clients make requests then the server processes the request

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5
Q

Advantages of Client-server networks

A

Security is better as all files are stored in a central location and access rights are managed by the server; backups are done centrally so there is no need for indivudual users to back up their data and if there is a breakdown, recovery procesdures will enable it to be restored; data and other resources can be shared

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6
Q

Disadvantages of Client-Server Networks

A

It is expensive to install and manage; professional IT staff are needed to maintain the servers and run the network

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7
Q

What is a peer to peer network?

A

Individual computers connected to each other without a central server.

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8
Q

Advantages of Peer to peer networks for small LANs

A

Cheap to set up, enables user to share resources, not difficult to maintain

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9
Q

How is peer to peer networks used for video on demand?

A

Hundreds of computers can hold different parts of the video and share the load.

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10
Q

Disadvantages of peer to peer networking

A

Used for piracy! as impossible to trace the files which are being downloaded

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11
Q

What are the consequences of piracy:

A

Loss of money for the film and cinema industury resulting in a loss of jobs

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12
Q

What is data communication?

A

It involves sending and recieving data from one computer/ device to another, this includes apps such as email, epos terminals, cell phones etc

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13
Q

What is serial bit transmission?

A

Bits are sent via an interface one bit at a time over a single wire from the source to the destination

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14
Q

What is parallel data transmission?

A

Several bits are sent simultaneously over a number of parallel wires

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15
Q

Where is paralell communication used?

A

In integrated circuits within RAM

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16
Q

What is skew?

A

When each wire has a slightly different speed meaning bits that are meant to arrive at the same time arrive at different times

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17
Q

What are the advantages of serial transmission rather than parallel?

A

Connections are simpler and smaller so lower costs, less interference (no crosstalk), reliable over a longer distance, signal frequency can be much higher due to lack of interference

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18
Q

What is crosstalk?

A

Interference between parallel lines

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19
Q

What are the consequences of crosstalk?

A

Results in corrupted words which neeeds to be transmitted

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20
Q

What is the bit rate?

A

The speed at which data is transmitted serially is measured in bits per second

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21
Q

What is baud rate?

A

The rate at the signal changes

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22
Q

When are bit raud and baud rate the same?

A

In baseband mode as onlt two voltage singals are used

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23
Q

What is bandwidth?

A

The range of frequencies that a transmission media can carry

24
Q

What happens if you increase the bandwidth?

A

More data can be transmitted in the fixed amount of time

25
Q

What is latency?

A

It is the time delay between the moment the first byte/ pack of a communicatin starts and when it is received at its destination

26
Q

What is sychronous transmission?

A

Data is transferred at regular intervals timed by a clock signal allowing for constant and reliable transmission for time sensitive data

27
Q

What typically uses synchrnous transmission?

A

Parallel communication

28
Q

What is asynchronous transmission?

A

One byte is sent at a time and each character is preceded by a start bit and followed by a stop bit

29
Q

What does the start bit do in asynchronous transmission?

A

The start bit alterts the recieving device and synchronises the clock inside the reciever so that it is ready to receive the character

30
Q

What does the stop bit do?

A

It may be abitrarily long which allows the receiver to identify the data before the next value is transmitted

31
Q

What happens in asynchrounous transmissions if the baud rate is not the same?

A

There is an error

32
Q

Are the start and the stop bit the same?

A

No, they are always different

33
Q

When is asynchronous transmission used?

A

By PCs as it is exonomical for small amounts of data, and there does not need to be a way of sharing clock signals

34
Q

What is protocol?

A

A set of rules relating to communication between devices

34
Q

Why do we need protocols?

A

So that equipement can be networked: any equipment using the same protocols can be linked together

35
Q

What is a LAN?

A

A local area network consits of a number of computer devices on a single site or building or a small area

36
Q

What are the characteristics of a LAN?

A

Can transmit data very fast over a short distance

37
Q

Advantages of bus topology?

A

Inexpensive to install as requires less cable than star topology

38
Q

Disadvantages of bus topology

A

if main cable fails, data can no longer be transmitted to any node; performance degrades with heavy traffic; low security as all computers can see data transmissions

39
Q

Advantages of star topology:

A

If one cable fails only one station is affected; consistent performance even when network is being heavily used; higher transmission speeds gives better performance; no collisions of data; more secure than bus; easy to add new stations

40
Q

Disadvantages of Star Network:

A

May be costly to install due to length of cable required; if central device goes down, network data can no longer be transmitted

41
Q

What is the central device typically?

A

A switch which keeps a record of the unique MAC address of each device on the network and can identify which particular computer on the network it should send the data to

42
Q

What is the difference between physical and logical topology?

A

In physical topology the topology is the actual layout, the logical topology is the shape of the path data travels in, and describes how components communicate across the physical topology

43
Q

What are the characteristics of a logical bus network?

A

Data cannot be simulateously transmitted in both directions, every station receives all network traffic generated by each station have equal priority.

44
Q

How does a logical bus network work?

A

A device wanting to communicate with another device on the network sends a broadcast message onto the wire that all other devices see but only the indented recipient accepts and process the message

45
Q

What is a NIC?

A

A Network Interface Card is part of every device which is connected to the network

46
Q

What is a MAC address?

A

Every NIC has a MAC address which is assigned and hard coded into the card by the manufacturer and uniquely identifies the device

47
Q

What is Wi-Fi?

A

It is a local area wireless technology the allows you to connect a device to a network resource/ internet via a WAP

48
Q

What is a WAP?

A

A wireless acess point which has a range of about 20 metres

49
Q

What compents are needed to connect to Wi-Fi?

A

Computer devices need a wireless network adaptor in order to connect to a wireless network

50
Q

What is a station?

A

A combination of computer and interface controller

51
Q

What do all stations have in common?

A

All stations share a single frequency communication channel and each station tuned into this frequency to pick up transmissions

52
Q

What protocols are used to protect wireless networks?

A

WPA: wifi protected access, and WPA2: wifi protected access II

53
Q

How does WPA2 work?

A

WPA2 is built into NICs and provides strong encryption of data transmissions

54
Q

What is SSID?

A

A service set identification which is the informal name of the local network

55
Q

What is the purpose of the SSID?

A

Identify the network and so that you and other people can connect to the network

Computer Science (8 decks)

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