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ap psych > unit 6 > Flashcards

unit 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Developmental Psychology

A

a branch of psychology that studies cognitive, physical, and social change throughout lifetime.

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2
Q

Nature

A

influence of genetic inheritance and biological factors

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3
Q

Nurture

A

influence of environmental/outside factors after conception

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4
Q

Cultural Variations

A

culture vary from one another, same thing goes for belief and customs even within the same culture

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5
Q

Motor Skills

A

motions carried out when the brain, nervous system, muscles works together

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6
Q

Social Factors

A

things/circumstances that affect lifestyle (religion/family/wealth)

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7
Q

Attachment

A

emotional connection with a person; children typically seek closeness to their caregiver and become distressed when separated

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8
Q

Socialization

A

process by which children and adults learn from others

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9
Q

Moral Development

A

the process in which children learn morality throughout their development

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10
Q

Adolescene

A

transition period from childhood (puberty) to adulthood (independence)

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11
Q

Parenting Styles

A

parents establish standard strategies to rear their children

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12
Q

Gender

A

biologically and socially influenced characteristics in which people defined by male or female

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13
Q

Zygote

A

fertilized ovum resulting in the union of two gametes (sperm and egg) that develops in an embryo

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14
Q

Embryo

A

young of mammal in early stages of development

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15
Q

Fetus

A

developing of human organism 9 weeks after conception

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16
Q

Teratogens

A

factors that disturbs the development of an embryo or fetus

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17
Q

Maturation

A

biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior

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18
Q

Cognition

A

mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

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19
Q

Schema

A

an organized pattern of thoughts/behavior that organizes information into categories

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20
Q

Assimilation

A

interpreting experiences based on schemas

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21
Q

Accommodation

A

adapting current understandings to incorporate new information

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22
Q

Piaget’s Stage Of Cognitive Development

A

stages of intellectual development from infancy to adulthood

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23
Q

Sensorimotor Stage

A

period of birth to 2 years of infancy; discovering relationships between their bodies and the environment

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24
Q

Preoperational Stage

A

2 to 6-7 years of age; children will begin to learn how to use language but does not yet comprehend concrete knowledge

25
Q

Concrete Operational Stage

A

6-11 years of age; children begin to think logically and able to understand concrete events

26
Q

Formal Operational Stage

A

person is capable of deductive and hypothetical and understanding; develop the ability to think about abstract concepts

27
Q

Object Permanence

A

the understanding that objects will continue to exist even when they aren’t observed

28
Q

Conservation

A

principle that properties like mass, volume, and number will remain unchanged despite changes in the form of objects

29
Q

Egocentrism

A

the belief of being center the center of all things or self-centered

30
Q

Theory Of Mind

A

understanding that people have different perspectives than our own by attributing mental states to others and oneself

31
Q

Autism Spectrum Disorder

A

disorder affecting communication, social interaction, and understanding others’ state of mind

32
Q

Stranger Anxiety

A

the fear of strangers commonly displayed by infants beginning at 8 months

33
Q

Critical Period

A

period after birth when an organism’s exposure to certain stimuli produces proper development

34
Q

Imprinting

A

process by which certain animals form attachments during critical period

35
Q

temperament

A

the foundation of personality; innate traits to help shape organism to responding to their environment

36
Q

Basic trust

A

the view that the world is trustworthy and predictable

37
Q

Self Concept

A

an idea from the beliefs to one holds about oneself and the response of others

38
Q

Aggression

A

hostile or violent behavior towards another with the intent to cause harm

39
Q

Gender Role

A

set of expected behaviors for males or for female sex

40
Q

Gender Identity

A

personal conception of oneself being male, female, or neither

41
Q

Social Learning Theory

A

the view that people learn by observing others

42
Q

Gender Typing

A

child becomes aware of their gender and begin to adopt values and attributes of members of the sex they identify as their own

43
Q

Transgender

A

someone who doesn’t identify with the gender they’re born with

44
Q

Identity

A

our sense of self

45
Q

Social Identity

A

the “we” aspect of self concept; derived from memberships from social groups

46
Q

Intimacy

A

the ability to form close/loving relationships

47
Q

Emerging Adulthood

A

period from late teens to adulthood; bridging the gap between adolescent dependence, full independence, responsible adult

48
Q

X chromosome

A

sex chromosome found in both men and women

49
Q

Y chromosome

A

found only in men; determines the sex of a baby

50
Q

Testosterone

A

steroid hormone that stimulates the development of male sexual organs, secondary sexual traits, sperm

51
Q

Puberty

A

period of sexual maturation where a person becomes capable of reproduction

52
Q

Primary sex characteristics

A

ovaries, testes, external genitalia that make reproduction possible

53
Q

Secondary sex characteristics

A

non reproductive sexual characteristics; female breasts, hips, male voice quality, body hair

54
Q

Menarche

A

first menstrual cycle

55
Q

Hypersexuality

A

clinical diagnosis describing frequent and sudden sexual urges

56
Q

Menopause

A

the time of natural ending of menstruation; her ability to reproduce declines

57
Q

Longitudinal Study

A

research where the same are get retested and restudied

58
Q

Cross-sectional Study

A

study in which people of different ages are compared with one another

59
Q

Social Clock

A

culturally preferred timing of social events; marriage, parenthood, retirement

ap psych (1 decks)

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