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Bio Final > Unit 6 > Flashcards

Unit 6 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Approximately how many bones are there in the human body?

A

206

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2
Q

The occipital bone can be classified as

A

Flat

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3
Q

How many phalanges are there in the body?

A

56

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4
Q

It is the bone of the axial skeleton that are primarily involved in the protection of internal organs.

A

True

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5
Q

The occipital and parietal bones in the skull are separated by structures known as

A

Sutures

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6
Q

The bones in your upper arm are classified as ___________ bones.

A

long

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7
Q

Which of the following is not a bone in the ear?

A

hyoid

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8
Q

A fracture in which one side of the shaft is broken and the other side is bent is a

A

greenstick fracture

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9
Q

Active exercise can increase the mass and strength of bone

A

True

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10
Q

A person who chooses to eat a diet of junk food and has a sedentary job is NOT likely to experience:

A

Thickened, prominent ridges on the places in bone near where muscle attaches

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11
Q

AN imbalance of osteoclasts and osteoblasts activity, in which osteoclasts become more active than osteoblasts, leads to:

A

bone that are less able to resists physical stress

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12
Q

During osteogenesis, which of the following cells would appear first?

A

Fibroblasts

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13
Q

Large multinucleated cells involved in the process of osteolysis is ___________________.

A

Osteoblasts

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14
Q

Osteolysis is the ______________.

A

Removal of the bone matrix by osteoclasts

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15
Q

Spongey bone is also referred to as _________________ bone.

A

Cancellous

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16
Q

Perforating Volkmannn canals _________________.

A

Supply blood to the osteons

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17
Q

The outer covering of the bone, made from fibrous connective tissues, is called the ______________________.

A

Periosteum

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18
Q

Mature bone found in lacune are called ______________________.

A

Osteocytes

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19
Q

One function of the bone is to produce red and white blood cells. These cells are made what substance in bone?

A

Red marrow

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20
Q

One of the basic histological differences between compact and spongy bone is that in compact bone, ________________.

A

the basic unit is the osteon

21
Q

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system

A

Contraction

22
Q

A person with type AB blood would have _______________ antigens on their RBC’s and contain _________________ antibodies in their plasma.

A

A and B; neither anti-A not anti-B

23
Q

A person with eosinophilia, or greater than normal numbers of eosinophils, is most likely suffering from ____________________.

A

Allergies or internal parasites

24
Q

RBCs live around ___________________ before they disintegrate.

A

120 days

25
Q

The buffy coat created by separating blood cells is comprised of ____________________.

A

Leukocytes and platelets

26
Q

Which blood cell can described as biconcave disc?

A

erythrocytes

27
Q

Which of the formed elements of blood are essential to gas exchange with tissues?

A

Erythrocytes

28
Q

The average amount of blood in an adult is ________________ L.

A

5

29
Q

Which of these factors can increase the amount of erythrocytes?

A

exercise

30
Q

Erythroblastosis fetalis, also known as hemolytic disease in newborns, most often occurs in ________________ mother carrying ________________ babies.

A

Rh-; Rh+

31
Q

The white blood cell that forms antibodies necessary for immunity to specific disease is the

A

lymphocyte

32
Q

spongey bone is found primarily at which part of the long bones?

A

expanded ends, where long bones articulate with other skeletal elements.

33
Q

What are the circulating hormones that stimulate bone growth?

A

growth hormone thyroxine

34
Q

What us the term for the extended tubular shaft of a long bone?

A

diaphysis

35
Q

Males have more red blood cells than females

A

True

36
Q

Which protein functions in coagulation?

A

fibrinogen

37
Q

Osteocytes are connected through tiny canals called:

A

Canaliculi

38
Q

The following image best represents: (it’s that picture with the bone)

A

compact bone

39
Q

The process of blood cell formation is:

A

hematopoiesis

40
Q

When hematopoietic stem cells initially differentiate, they can become either myeloid progenitor cells or lymphoid progenitor cells. These two cell types can then further differentiate into the blood cell types with which we are most familiar. Given than a hematopoietic stem cell has differentiated into a myeloid progenitor cell, which of the following cell types can be eliminated as a potential final cell.

A

T-cells

41
Q

Osteocytes regularly undergo a mitotic process.

A

False

42
Q

Bone will grow around a cartilaginous framework during fetal development. This leads to:

A

the eventual death of the chondrocytes due to the combination of the bone blocking resources and the avascular nature of cartilage

43
Q

Endochondral ossification is _______________ as it compares to intramembranous ossification.

A

slow

44
Q

____________________ ossification ends after about 2-3 month but cartilaginous growth at the end of long bones continue along with ________________ ossification after birth.

A

primary, secondary

45
Q

Red marrow has a reddish color due to the presence of ______________.

A

hemoglobin

46
Q

Ossification centers are seen during:

A

intramembranous ossification

47
Q

The growth plate in long bones is also known as:

A

epiphysial plate

48
Q

How many oxygen atoms must attach to a single molecule of hemoglobin in order for it to be considered saturated?

A

four

Bio Final (3 decks)

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