Unit 6 Flashcards
Describe the term ‘self-assessment of needs’
Focuses on outcomes the individual wants to achieve and decides if they are eligible for support
What are the challenges to adopting a person-centred approach?
Resistance to change
Institutional history of public services
Institutions promoting a medical model of health
Lack of staff training
Communication barriers
Respecting choice when alternatives may promote better health/wellbeing
Focusing on deficits rather than capacities
Lack of clarity over roles and responsibilities
What are the methods for overcoming challenges?
Values-based recruitment
Staff training
Regular review of support provided
Recognising when provision is not person-centred and taking action to rectify this
Modelling behaviour
How do inclusive and competent communities support person-centred care?
Individuals should have the opportunity to participate in community activities.
They should have social contacts and reasons to go out
What is a needs assessment?
The process of identifying the needs of an individual and evaluating their impact so appropriate action can be taken
Doughnut chart
Helps professionals to see their core responsibilities, where to use their creativity and judgement and what is not their responsibility
How to develop person-centred plans and records
Understand how they communicate
Focus on their capabilities and how they can best be supported to make decisions
Finding out what is important to a person
Finding out who is important in a person’s life
What are review meetings?
Meetings held to check that the individuals care plan is still right for them
Decision-making charts
Breaks decisions into 3 sections- important decisions- how must I be involved- who makes the final decisions
This shows the professional how much control the individual has
Personal futures planning
Starts with their current situation and focuses on future changes. Helps integrate them into society
PATH
Planning alternative tomorrow’s with hope
Identifies a persons hopes and how to move them nearing to them
May create a picture of where they want to be or identify who will help them
What questions might be asked at a review meeting?
What are their strengths?
What can we do to help them achieve their goals?
What is important to them now?
What is important for their future?
What is/isnt working?
How do you make individuals comfortable at a review meeting?
Ensure time and location is accessible
Give choice over who attends
Invite who they would like
What is a facilitator?
A person who directs a meeting
What are the roles and responsibilities of a facilitator?
Invite contribrutions from others
Helps the group compare and explore different perspectives
Assist the group to agree
Checks the individual is happy with the meeting
What is the tool used to clarify roles and responsibilities?
Doughnut chart
Building effective relationships
Learning to talk and listen to individuals is the only way to get to know them.
People should always be treated with dignity and respect
Communication charts
This is used when a person doesn’t communicate with words
Helps with understanding and decreases frustration
What are the tools used to enhance voice, choice and control
Communication charts
Decision-making charts
Building effective relationships
One-page profiles
A summary of what is most important to the individual
Relationship circles
Helps to identify who is closest to the individual
Top tips
Learn what is most important for the individual
Helps when carers have a short amount of time to learn what is useful
Should be shared in 2 minutes or under
Routines
This can provide an idea of what is/ isn’t working for the individual
Good days/ bad days
Encourages an individual to describe a good and bad day so professionals know what is needed for a good day.
What tools are used to find out what is important to a person?
Good days/ bad days
Routines
Top tips
Relationship circles
One page profiles
Importance of review meetings
Putting the individual at the centre of the meeting
Build and share information collaboratively
Generate actions
Purpose of review meetings
To ensure that the individual has their needs met through:
Identifying and meeting changing needs
Reviewing the budget
Ensuring effective relationships have been built
Reviewing the person-centred description and ensuring it is being met
What are statutory services?
Services that are provided to the public by the government and laid down by legislation
Why is co-production beneficial to service users?
Allows people with different experiences to share ideas to their local community
Provisions can be made more accessible and secure
What is decentralisation?
The process of redistributing functions from a central authority
Effect of the Health and Social Care Act 2012 on personalisation
Stated that services should welcome feedback
Healthwatch- independent service which aims to protect service users. Communicates opinions to commissioning bodies
No decision about me without me is the guiding principle that provides service users with more control
Ensures public voices are heard.
What are EHC plans?
A legal document for individuals 0-19 that states their needs and abilities. explains to educators what must be done to meet their needs
How can housing be linked to personalisation?
Choice of residence- offering individuals choice over how and where they will leave
Housing adaptations- individuals are assessed by social services to see what adaptations they may need.
Meeting housing needs- if neither of these things are possible. individuals can reside in residential living where care is provided to them
What is the removal of geographical barriers?
When a person who recieves care and support moves, there will not be a gap in receiving care
What is Fair Access to Care?
A framework that helps local authorities with seeing a persons eligibility for support
Describe the term ‘Personal budget’
An agreed amount of money awarded by the local authority to spend on what is important to them
Why are personal budgets beneficial to service users?
Allows the service user to access provisions such as social care and housing
Describe the term ‘Changing role of professionals’
Professionals should be sensitive and non-judgemental around a person’s dreams and aspirations
Why is changing the role of professionals beneficial to the service user?
Allows individuals to feel valued and empowered
What is the definition of personalisation?
Every person who receives support whether by statutory services or funded by themselves, will have choice and control over the shape in all care settings
Why is the definition of personalisation limited?
Does not explicitly state that the individual is placed in the centred of their care
What are direct payments?
Cash payments given to an individual or a nominated person
What are managed accounts?
Accounts that are managed by the local authority
What are aspirations?
A persons desire to achieve something
What are social care outcomes?
The results after a person has received social care they desired
What are means-tested payments?
Payments given to an individual based on their financial circumstances
What are service-led provisions?
Provisions where an individual has to fit into existing traditional services
What are universal services?
Services that can be accessed by everyone
Why is choice and control beneficial to the service user?
Allows them to have options in housing and care
Effect of the Children and Families Act 2014 on personalisation
Puts children and young pepole at the heart of planning and decision-making
importance of involving young people and their parents in all decisions
Empowers young people
Focuses on voice, choice and control for children and families
What are the principles of a person-centred approach?
Independence and rights
Co-production, choice and control
Inclusive and competent communities
How does independence and rights support person-centred care?
A person can live the way they want and form meaningful relationships
How does co-production, choice and control support person-centred care?
Individuals are able to make decisions about their life
How does a person-centred achieve good practice?
Can help to achieve good clinical outcomes when individuals carry on with their treatments
The policy landscape
All of the Act’s confirm that the government is committed to personalisation
Effect of Local Authority Circular 2008 on personalisation
Reinforces their commitment to personalisation
Everyone who receives social care support will have choice and control over how that support is delivered
Supports independence of an individual
Whatever the circumstance, people will have support
Effect of the Care Act 2014 on personalisation
Combined existing legislation that put people and their carers in control of their support
Aims to give more control to those in need
Places a greater emphasis on personal budgets
Wishes and needs must be considered
Removed geographical barriers
What is a Support plan?
A document which entails how care should be given to someone. May include goals and preferences
MAPS
Making action plans
Builds on a committment to help the individual to move towards a positive future
Draws on history, dreams and strengths
What does personalisation mean to people?
Addressing needs
Independence
Participation
Allows them to reach goals
Control
Empowerment
Having choice
Describe the term ‘Co-production’
A partnership between individuals and professionals where everyone is an equal partner
Why is self-assessment of needs beneficial to the service user?
Gives individuals motivation to work towards their goals
May allow them to access support
What is commissioning
The process of planning, agreeing and monitoring services
Describe the term choice and control
Supporting and enabling individuals to make their own decisions
Focusing on deficits rather than capabilities
Previously, professionals assessed individuals by what they couldn’t do and set goals to overcome the deficits rather than their strengths
Respecting choice when alternatives may promote better health or wellbeing
Professionals may find it hard to accept an individuals choice, especially if it could affect their health
Lack of staff training
In order for person-centred care be successful, all staff should be re-trained
Communication barriers
Good communication is the basis of forming trusting relationships, also ensures info is understood
Institutions promoting a medical model of health
Medical model of health sees disability as the individuals problem
Institutions focus on curing the indvidual
Institutional history of public services
Traditionally, common practice was to accept the professionals decision, this will not change overnight
Modelling behaviour
This is when an individual observes a professional carry out person-centred care and then imitating it
Recognising when a provision is not person-centred and taking action to rectify this
If the individual is not in control then this should be recognised and action should be taken
Values-based recruitment
If employers ask potential employees question about their behaviours at previous jobs, the employers have a better insight into their values and if they can provide high quality care
Lack of clarity over roles and responsibilities
In a person-centred approach everyone is an equal partner
Roles and responsibilities are shared which could cause problems
The Disability Rights Movement and person-centred approach
Person-centred approach originated when disabled people wanted independent living, choice and control
1995 protest led to DDA making it illegal to discriminate against disabled people
How many challenges of adopting a person-centred approach are there?
8
Resistance to change
Patients may not want to lose the safety net of professionals making decisions
Regular review of support provided
Reviews should be conducted when the individual, family and professionals feels it is necessary
Staff training- overcoming barriers
Can reduce stress and add to job satisfaction, can increase confidence
What is a person-centred approach
Seeing the person as an individual, focussing on their needs, wants and aspirations
What are the positive impacts to personalisation
Direct payments allow rapid access to care
Inclusion in communities means individuals can support each other
Remaining in own home improves quality of life
Access to info+guidance means individuals can make informed choices
New opportunities are opened up
What are the challenges to personalisation?
Care is limited to the prescribed budget
Availability and access may be limited in some areas
May worry about spending the money as it has to be accounted for
Benefits to personalisation
Gain and maintain control
Individual can remain in own home
Inclusion in communities
Improved information and guidance
Improved quality of life, self-esteem and socialisation
Essential lifestyle planning
Uses detailed planning to see how a person’s life can be more enhanced
Uses communication charts, learning logs and relationship circles
