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Anatomy Exam 2 > Unit 5 Word List > Flashcards

Unit 5 Word List Flashcards

1
Q

abduction

A

Moving a limb or body part away from the midline

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2
Q

acetabulum

A

Hip socket

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3
Q

achondroplasia

A

Failure in the development of cartilage

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4
Q

adactyly

A

Absence of the finger

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5
Q

adduction

A

Moving a limb or body part towards the midline

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6
Q

agonist

A

The prime mover the muscle primarily responsible for the movement being studied

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7
Q

amphiarthrotic

A

Slightly moveable joint

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8
Q

analgesic

A

Drug that reduces pain

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9
Q

anykylosing

A

Causing to be stiff

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10
Q

ankylosis

A

A disease that makes bones or joints stiff

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11
Q

antagonist

A

A muscle that opposes the action of the agonist

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12
Q

antiarthritic

A

Drug that reduces the symptoms of arthritis

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13
Q

anti-inflammatory

A

Drug that reduces inflammation

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14
Q

antipyretic

A

Drug that reduces fever

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15
Q

apophysis

A

Outgrowth or protuberance on a bone

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16
Q

appendicular

A

Part of the skeleton that is attached to the axial skeleton

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17
Q

arthragia

A

Pain in the joint

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18
Q

arthrectomy

A

Surgical removal of a joint

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19
Q

arthrocentesis

A

Puncture of a joint to remove fluid

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20
Q

arthroscope

A

Device for examining the inside of a joint

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21
Q

arthrodesis

A

Disease process binding a joint together

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22
Q

arthrodynia

A

Pain in the joint

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23
Q

arthrodysplasia

A

Bad formation of a joint

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24
Q

arthrogram

A

Picture of a joint

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25
Q

arthrography

A

Process for visualizing a joint

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26
Q

arthropathy

A

Disease in a joint

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27
Q

arthroplasty

A

Surgical modification of a joint

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28
Q

arthroscopic

A

Pertaining to examination of a joint using arthroscope

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29
Q

arthrotomy

A

Cutting into a joint

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30
Q

articular

A

Having to do with joints

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31
Q

ataxia

A

Inability to walk

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32
Q

atrophy

A

Failure to develop, or loss of a structure, due to lack of nourishment

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33
Q

axial

A

Pertaining to the center of the body

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34
Q

bradykinesia

A

Slow movement

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35
Q

bursa

A

A bag or synovial fluid that cushions a ligament or tendon that would otherwise rub against a bone

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36
Q

bursectomy

A

Surgical removal of a bursa

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37
Q

bursitis

A

Information of a bursa

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38
Q

bursotomy

A

Cutting into a bursa

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39
Q

carpal

A

Pertaining to the wrist bone

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40
Q

carpectomy

A

Surgical removal of a wrist bone

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41
Q

carpitis

A

Inflammation of a wrist bone

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42
Q

cervical

A

Pertaining to the neck

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43
Q

cervicitis

A

Information of the neck

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44
Q

cervicodynia

A

Pain in the neck

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45
Q

chondritis

A

Information of the cartilage

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46
Q

chondrodynia

A

Pain in the cartilage

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47
Q

chondroma

A

Tumor in the cartilage

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48
Q

chondromalacia

A

Softening of the cartilage

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49
Q

chondroplasty

A

Surgical modification of cartilage

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50
Q

circumduction

A

Movement in a circle around a joint

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51
Q

condyle

A

Knob on a bone

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52
Q

costal

A

Pertaining to a rib

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53
Q

costalgia

A

Pain in a rib

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54
Q

costectomy

A

Surgical removal of a rib

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55
Q

costochondritis

A

Inflammation of the rib and associated cartilage

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56
Q

craniectomy

A

Surgical removal of a piece of the skull

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57
Q

craniomalacia

A

Softening of the skull

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58
Q

craniometer

A

Device for measuring the skull

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59
Q

craniosynostosis

A

Disease where the skull bones of a child fuse too soon after birth

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60
Q

craniotomy

A

Cutting into the skull

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61
Q

crepitation

A

Crackling noise in the joint

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62
Q

dactylagia

A

Pain in the fingers

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63
Q

dactylitis

A

Inflammation of the fingers

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64
Q

diaphysis

A

The shaft of a long bone

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65
Q

diarthrotic

A

Freely movable joint

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66
Q

dyskinesia

A

Trouble with movement

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67
Q

dysplasia

A

Malformation of a structure

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68
Q

dystaxia

A

Trouble with walking

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69
Q

dystonia

A

Trouble with muscle tone

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70
Q

eccentric

A

Force applied to a muscle as it is getting longer

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71
Q

effusion

A

The process of fluid leaking out of a structure

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72
Q

electromyogram

A

Record of the electrical activity of a muscle

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73
Q

endochondral

A

Occurring inside of cartilage

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74
Q

endomysium

A

The innermost connective tissue sheath of a muscle

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75
Q

epimysium

A

The outer most connective tissue sheath of a muscle

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76
Q

epiphysis

A

The end of a long bone

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77
Q

epicondyle

A

A bump next to a knob on a bone

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78
Q

exostosis

A

Abnormal bone growth in the small ear bones

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79
Q

extension

A

Increasing the angle of a joint

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80
Q

facet

A

A flattish surface on a bone where a joint articulates

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81
Q

fascia

A

Band of connective tissue

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82
Q

fasciectomy

A

Removal of a fascia

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83
Q

fasciitis

A

Inflammation of a fascia

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84
Q

fascioplasty

A

Surgical modification of a fascia

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85
Q

fasciorrhaphy

A

Surgical repair of a fascia

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86
Q

fasciotomy

A

Cutting into a fascia

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87
Q

femoral

A

Pertaining to the thigh

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88
Q

fissure

A

A deep crack

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89
Q

fixation

A

Locking into place

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90
Q

flexion

A

Reducing the angle of a joint

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91
Q

foramen

A

Hole in a bone

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92
Q

fossa

A

Shallow groove in a bone

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93
Q

fracture

A

Breaking a bone

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94
Q

genu

A

Knee

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95
Q

glenoid

A

The socket of the shoulder joint

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96
Q

gomphosis

A

The joint between a tooth and the jaw

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97
Q

graphospasm

A

Writers cramp

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98
Q

hallux

A

The big toe

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99
Q

hemarthrosis

A

Blood in a joint

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100
Q

hematopoiesis

A

The process of blood cell forming in the bone marrow

101
Q

hydrarthrosis

A

Water in a joint

102
Q

hypercalcemia

A

Abnormally high calcium in the blood

103
Q

hyperextension

A

Abnormal or excessive increase in the angle of a joint

104
Q

hyperkinesia

A

Abnormally high movement

105
Q

hypertonia

A

Abnormally high muscle tone

106
Q

hypertrophy

A

Abnormal growth of tissue

107
Q

hypocalcemia

A

Abnormally low calcium in the blood

108
Q

hypokinesia

A

Abnormally low movement

109
Q

hypophyseal

A

Pertaining to the tissue underneath the brain

110
Q

hypophysis

A

The pituitary gland

111
Q

hypotonia

A

Abnormally low muscle tone

112
Q

infrasoinatus

A

A muscle or space below the spine of the scapula

113
Q

intercostal

A

Between the ribs

114
Q

interosseous

A

Band of connective tissue between the radius and ulna or between the tibia and fibula

115
Q

intramembranous

A

Occurring within a membrane

116
Q

isometric

A

Force applied to a muscle without a change in muscle length

117
Q

kinesiology

A

The study of movement

118
Q

kinetic

A

Pertaining to motion

119
Q

kyphosis

A

A bend in the spine that results in a visible bump in the upper back

120
Q

lacrimal

A

Pertaining to crying or tears

121
Q

lamella

A

Thin plate

122
Q

ligament

A

A band of connective tissue connecting bone to bone

123
Q

lordosis

A

A bend in the spine that results in a pronounced hollow space above the buttocks

124
Q

lumbar

A

Lower back

125
Q

lumbodynia

A

Pain in the lower back

126
Q

meatus

A

Tube or passage

127
Q

medullary

A

Pertaining to the center of a multilayered organ

128
Q

metacarpal

A

The bones between the wrist and fingers

129
Q

metacarpectomy

A

Surgical removal of a metacarpal

130
Q

metaphysis

A

Transition between the end and the shaft of a long bone

131
Q

metatarsalgia

A

Pain in the bone between the ankle and toes

132
Q

metatarsal

A

The bones between the ankle and toes

133
Q

musculoskeletal

A

Pertaining to the muscles and bones

134
Q

myalgia

A

Pain in the muscles

135
Q

myasthenia

A

Disease of muscle weakness

136
Q

myectomy

A

Surgical removal of a muscle

137
Q

myoclonus

A

Involuntary muscle twitch

138
Q

myodynia

A

Pain in a muscle

139
Q

myofasciitis

A

Inflammation of a muscle and it’s associated connective tissue

140
Q

myography

A

Obtaining a record of the contraction of a muscle

141
Q

myolysis

A

Breakdown of muscle

142
Q

myoma

A

Tumor derived from muscle

143
Q

myomalacia

A

Softening of muscle

144
Q

myomectomy

A

Removal of a tumor derived from muscle

145
Q

myoplasty

A

Surgical modification of a muscle

146
Q

myorrhaphy

A

Surgical repair of a muscle

147
Q

myosarcoma

A

Cancer derived from muscle tissue

148
Q

myosclerosis

A

Hardening of muscle

149
Q

myositis

A

Inflammation of muscle

150
Q

myospasm

A

Involuntary contraction of muscle

151
Q

myotomy

A

Cutting into a muscle

152
Q

neuromuscular

A

Pertaining to the nervous system and muscles

153
Q

occipital

A

Skull bone at the back of the head, next to the cervical spine

154
Q

orthotic

A

Device to straighten the foot or leg

155
Q

ossification

A

The process of making bone

156
Q

ostalgia

A

Pain in the bone

157
Q

ostectomy

A

Surgical removal of a bone

158
Q

osteitis

A

Inflammation of a bone

159
Q

osteoarthritis

A

Inflammation of bones and the joint formed by those bones

160
Q

osteoblast

A

Rapidly dividing cell of bone

161
Q

osteocarcinoma

A

Cancer derived from bone tissue

162
Q

osteochondritis

A

Inflammation of bone and it’s associated cartilage

163
Q

osteochondroma

A

A tumor derived from bone and cartilage

164
Q

osteoclasia

A

Abnormal breakdown of bone

165
Q

osteoclast

A

Cell which breaks down bone

166
Q

osteodynia

A

Pain in a bone

167
Q

osteogenesis

A

The process of forming bone

168
Q

osteolysis

A

The process of breaking down bone

169
Q

osteomalacia

A

Abnormal softening of a bone

170
Q

osteomylitis

A

Inflammation of the bone marrow

171
Q

osteon

A

Microscopic anatomical unit of bone

172
Q

osteopathy

A

Disease of the bone

173
Q

osteopenia

A

Abnormal reduction in bone tissue

174
Q

osteoplasty

A

Surgical modification of a bone

175
Q

osteoporosis

A

Disease resulting in an abnormal number of holes in bone

176
Q

osteonecrosis

A

Death of bone tissue

177
Q

osteosarcoma

A

Cancerous tumor derived from bone tissue

178
Q

osteosclerosis

A

Hardening of bone

179
Q

pectoral

A

Pertaining to the chest

180
Q

pelvis

A

Bone of the lower abdomen which results from the fusion of six bones

181
Q

perimysium

A

A connective tissue sheath of muscle that surround a bundle of muscle fibers

182
Q

periosteum

A

Membranes surrounding the bone

183
Q

phalanges

A

Fingers and toes

184
Q

pollex

185
Q

polydactyly

A

Too many fingers

186
Q

polymyositis

A

Inflammation of many muscles

187
Q

pronation

A

Turning the back of the hand facing forward; lying face down

188
Q

rhabdomyolysis

A

Abnormal breakdown of skeletal muscle

189
Q

sarcolemmma

A

The cell membrane surrounding a muscle cell

190
Q

sarcomere

A

Repeating microscopic anatomical unit of striated muscle

191
Q

sarcoplasm

A

Cytoplasm of a muscle cell

192
Q

scoliosis

A

Abnormal curvature of the vertebrae

193
Q

sphincter

A

Band of muscle surrounding an opening

194
Q

spine

A

Bones of the back, vertebrae

195
Q

spondylitis

A

Inflammation of the vertebrae

196
Q

spondyloarthropathy

A

Disease of a joint between vertebrae

197
Q

spondylodynia

A

Pain in the vertebrae

198
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

Abnormal slippage of the vertebrae past one another

199
Q

spondylolysis

A

Abnormal breakdown of the vertebrae

200
Q

spondylomalacia

A

Abnormal softening of the vertebrae

201
Q

spondylosis

A

Disease of the vertebrae

202
Q

sprain

A

Injurie to ligament

203
Q

stenosis

A

Abnormal narrowing of an opening

204
Q

sternotomy

A

Cutting into the sternum

205
Q

sternum

A

Breastbone; bone that ribs attach to

206
Q

strain

A

Injury to a muscle or its tendon

207
Q

subluxation

A

Dislocation of a joint

208
Q

sulcus

A

Groove in a muscle

209
Q

supination

A

Turning the palm of the hand face forward; laying face up

210
Q

synarthrotic

A

Immovable joint

211
Q

syncytium

A

Cells which join together to make a large, multinucleate cell

212
Q

syndactyly

A

Abnormal joint of fingers

213
Q

synergist

A

Muscle which aids an agonist muscle in its normal function

214
Q

talipes equinovarus

215
Q

tarsal

A

Pertaining to the ankle

216
Q

tarsalgia

A

Pain in the ankle

217
Q

tarsectomy

A

Surgical removal of a tarsal bone

218
Q

tarsitis

A

Inflammation of the ankle

219
Q

tarsoclasia

A

Breakdown of an ankle bone

220
Q

tarsoptosis

A

Condition of tarsal bones sagging

221
Q

tenalgia

A

Pain in a tendon

222
Q

tendectony

A

Surgical removal of a tendon

223
Q

tendinitis

A

Inflammation of a tendon

224
Q

tendodesis

A

Tends bound together by disease process

225
Q

tendolysis

A

Breakdown of a tendon

226
Q

tendon

A

a band of connective tissue connecting muscle to bone

228
Q

tendonitis

A

Inflammation of a tendon

229
Q

tendoplasty

A

Surgical modification of a tendon

230
Q

tenodynia

A

Pain in a tendon

231
Q

tenolysis

A

Breakdown of a tendon

232
Q

tenoplasty

A

Surgical modification of a tendon

233
Q

teorrhaphy

A

Surgical repair of a tendon

234
Q

tenotomy

A

Cutting into a tendon

235
Q

thoracic

A

Pertaining to the chest

236
Q

tibia

A

Bone of the lower extremity

237
Q

tibialgia

A

Pain in the tibia

238
Q

tomography

A

Technique using low dose x rays from many angles to visualize a body part

239
Q

tonograph

A

Record of muscle contraction

240
Q

torticollis

A

Abnormal contraction of the neck on one side

241
Q

trochanter

A

Prominent knob on the femur which forms from the attachment of muscles

242
Q

trochlea

A

Bone structure which acts or looks like a pulley

243
Q

tuberosity

A

Small bump on bone

244
Q

tuberosity

A

Bump on bone

245
Q

valgum

A

Abnormally close knees

246
Q

varum

A

Abnormally distant knees

247
Q

vertebra

A

Bone on the spinal column

248
Q

zygomatic

A

Bone of the face

Anatomy Exam 2 (12 decks)

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