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Unit 5: Weather And Oceans Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of evaporation?

A

The process in which water molecules are heated to the point were they evaporate and become water molecules

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2
Q

What is the definition of condensation

A

The process where water touches a cool surface where it collects and becomes wet

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3
Q

Describe the three states of water

A

Solid, liquid, has
Or
Ice, water, water vapor

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4
Q

Give two common examples of condensation

A

a) a glass of water where water condenses on the outside of a glass
b) the dew on grass

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5
Q

Give two common examples of evaporation

A

a) boiling water

b) steam engine

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6
Q

Describe the two factors that affect how fast water will evaporate

A

1) how humid it is
2) if water is trapped in something (ex. glass)
3) temperature

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7
Q

Describe an experiment that would show that water evaporates but not what’s in it

A

Putting water in a beaker on a hot plate and adding food coloring then a little bit later checking what is left in the beaker

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8
Q

How long has water been getting things wet

A

3,000,000,000 years

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9
Q

What is another word for the water cycle

A

Hydro cycle

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10
Q

What happens when water vapor is cooled?

A

Changes back into a liquid

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11
Q

The molecules of boiling water would be fast than a glass of room temperature water
True or false

A

True

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12
Q

How does water at room temperature become a gas

A

Evaporation

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13
Q

What is the nature of the water cycle

A

Water is recycled

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14
Q

What is the process of water vapor becoming a liquid

A

Condensation

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15
Q

True or false

Water molecules don’t need a place to stick in order for condensation to happen

A

False

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16
Q

Where does the energy for our own water cycle on earth come from

A

The sun

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17
Q

Give three examples of precipitation in the rain cycle

A

Snow, sleet, rain, hail

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18
Q

What is “collection” in the rain cycle?

A

Condensation

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19
Q

Would any living thing be able to survive without the water cycle?

A

No

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20
Q

The sum total of all water on Earth in its atmosphere is called the

A

Hydrosphere

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21
Q

Oceans the atmosphere and groundwater are all _______ in the water cycle

A

Reservoirs

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22
Q

What effect does the sun have on surface water

A

It causes it to evaporate

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23
Q

What is it called when rainwater contributes to the flow of rivers and streams

A

Runoff

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24
Q

Which of the following describes condensation
A) Ice becoming water when placed into warm liquid
B) water becoming ice in a freezer
C) liquid water being heated until it turns into steam
D) steam from a teapot turning into liquid water

A

D

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25
What can you infer from the fact that there is the same amount of water on earth as there was a billion years ago
There will probably be the same amount of water on the planet a billion years from now
26
Which reservoir in the water cycle contains the most water
The oceans
27
How long do molecules of groundwater stay in the ground
Anywhere from days to thousands of years
28
What is the definition of precipitation
When water falls from the clouds in liquid or solid forms due to gravity
29
What is the definition of freezing
When liquid water is cooked the molecules slow down and become solid
30
What causes wind all over the Earth
Heating and cooling of the earth and rotation by the sun
31
What forms when warm and cold air masses meet
The cold air pushes the warm air up and forms clouds
32
The jet dreams is ________ km high wind moving in which direction
a) 250 | b) west to east
33
This wind pattern is usually called?
Coriolis effect
34
Describe what is going on with the Coriolis effect
Instead of wind going in a straight line it goes in a rotating state because of the density
35
How much electricity can new windmills produce
Enough for 100 homes
36
What is weather
Weather is the daily condition of the earth atmosphere
37
What is weather produced by
1) heat 2) air pressure 3) winds 4) moisture
38
How is heat spreaded though the atmosphere
Heat is transferred front sun than is absorbed by the earth and spreads through the atmosphere
39
Why does air temperature vary from place to place
Because the Suns rays strike earth at different angles
40
What is air pressure the measure of
The force of the air pressing down on earths surface
41
Does dense air exert more energy than less dense air
Yes
42
What cause the movement of air
Air pressure differences
43
What is relative humidity
The amount of moisture into the air.
44
What is climate
The average weather conditions of a long period of time
45
What are the 3 major climate zones
Tropics, temperate, polar
46
What is our armosphere constantly doing
Changing
47
The are the 3 ingredients needed for a cloud to form
Moisture, cool air, and dust
48
The movement of an air mass over Earths surface cause
Local weather changes
49
Which term refers to the atmospheric conditions that prevail form season to season and to year at a certain location
Climate
50
The change form water vapor to liquid is called
Condensation
51
What is the most important influence on a places climate
The sun
52
Why don't all places have the same amount of sunlight
Because of the way the earth moves around the sun
53
What is the imaginary line that run through the earth, pole to pole called
Axis
54
What it the motion of earth spinning around its axis called
Rotation
55
What is it called when the earth moves around the sun
Revolution
56
How long is one complete revolution
1 year
57
Why do we have seasons
Because earths axis is tilted
58
Because of this tilt the part that receives more sun has _____ while the part that receives less sun has ________
Summer | Winter
59
What is a surface current
Water moving near the oceans surface above the thermocline between 50-150 meters deep
60
How are surface currents formed
Friction between the wind and the surface water causes the water to move
61
The temperature of surface currents depend on what
Where it is coming from
62
Surface currents van effect the _______ of an area because they cool or heat the surrounding air
Climate
63
What has the greatest influence on climate
Oceans
64
What aw ocean currents a major part of
The water cycle
65
What three things cause storms
Heat of sun, water in air, spin of earth
66
What occurs over the Pacific Ocean that affects worldwide weather
El Niño
67
Which bands of wind stop sometimes
Trade winds
68
Where do hurricanes get their spin
From the spin of earth/Coriolis effect
69
Lightning is _____x hotter than the sun
5
70
What is a warm front
Warm air mass meets and rises above cold air mass
71
What is a warm front associated with
Slow, steady rain
72
What follows a warm front
Hot, humid weather
73
What is a cold front
Cold air mass overtakes and pushes under warm air mass
74
What is associated with a cold front
Heavy rains, and violent thunderstorms
75
What kind of weather follows a cold front
Fair, cool weather
76
Why does warm air rise in both front
Cold air has a greater density so it goes down and pushes the warm air up
77
What does cool air stay close to the ground in both fronts
It is more dense
78
What is a stationary front
When cold and warm air meet and neither air mass has the force to move one another. They remain stationary or standing still
79
What is a occluded front
When a warm air mass gets caught between two cold air masses. The warm air mass rises as the cold air masses push and meet in the middle
80
What kind of weather does a stationary front bring
Clouds and fog form, and it may rain or snow. Can bring many days of clouds and precipitation
81
What kind of weather doesn't occluded front bring
The temperature drops as the warm air masse is occluded or cut off from the ground and pushed up words can bring strong winds and heavy precipitation
82
What is a cold front called
Along the leading edge of cold air mass advancing is what is called a cold front and the blue lines of triangle points in the direction the front is moving
83
What is it warm front called
Warm front mass of warm air advancing leading edge is noted by red line with half circles
84
What is a low pressure system
air around a low-pressure system moves counterclockwise and inward
85
What is a high-pressure system
Air goes clockwise and out words when the air is outward there's no lift to create a up-flow of moisture to create precipitation nice weather is associated with high-pressure
86
What are the 4 steps of the water cycle
Evaporation, condensation, precipitation, accumulation
87
How does hail form
Hail forms when thunderstorm updraft a are strong enough to carry water droplets well above the freezing level

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