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Political Science > Unit 5- The Presidency & The Vice Presidency > Flashcards

Unit 5- The Presidency & The Vice Presidency Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Chief of State

A

Term for the President as the ceremonial head of the United States, the symbol of al people and the nation.

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2
Q

Define Chief Executive

A

Term for the POTUS as vested with the executive power of the United States.

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3
Q

Define Domestic Affairs

A

All matters not directly connected to the realm of foreign affairs.

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4
Q

Define Foreign Affairs

A

A nation’s relationship with other countries.

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5
Q

Define Chief Administrator

A

Term for the POTUS as head of the administration of the Federal Government.

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6
Q

Define Chief Diplomat

A

Term for the POTUS as the main architect of foreign policy and spokesperson to other countries.

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7
Q

Define Chief Legislator

A

Term for the POTUS as architect of public policy and the one who sets the agenda for Congress

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8
Q

Define Commander in Chief

A

Term for the POTUS as commander of the nation’s armed forces.

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9
Q

Define Chief Economist

A

Term for the POTUS as monitor of the nation’s economic condition.

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10
Q

Define Chief of Party

A

Term for the POTUS as the leader of his or her political party.

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11
Q

Define Chief Citizen

A

Term for the POTUS as the representative of the people, working for the public interest.

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12
Q

What are the qualifications to become POTUS?

A

Citizenship-Age-Residency CAR

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13
Q

How old at least must a person be to become POTUS?

A

35 years of age

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14
Q

How long must a person be a Resident of the US in order to be POTUS?

A

14 years

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15
Q

No president can serve for than _____ in the office.

A

10

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16
Q

Define Presidential Succession

A

Scheme by which a presidential vacancy is filled.

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17
Q

Define Impeachment

A

To bring formal charges against a public official.

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18
Q

Define the Presidential Succession Act of 1947

A

Law specifying the order of presidential succession following the Vice President.

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19
Q

Define President Pro Tempore

A

the member of the US Senate, or of the upper house of a State’s legislature, chosen to preside in the absence of the president of the State.

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20
Q

Define Balance the Ticket

A

When a presidential candidate chooses a running mate who can strengthen his chance of being elected by virtue of certain ideological , geographical, racial, gender, or other characteristics. IGRG

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21
Q

Define First Lady

A

The President’s Wife

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22
Q

Define Whig Theory

A

Presidents taking a restrained approach to leadership. WR

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23
Q

Define The Stewardship Theory

A

Presidents should not merely carry out the will of Congress but instead should build public support for particular policy agendas.

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24
Q

What are the reasons for expansion of Presidential powers?

A

Presidents themselves-Expansion of the executive branch- Increasingly complex economy and society-Need for immediate action in crisis- Congress PEECC

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25
Q

Define Congressional Oversight

A

It occurs as Congress keeps a close watch over the executive branch to ensure that it acts in compliance with previously passed laws and appropriations. CE

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26
Q

What are the 2 constitutional provisions on the President’s executions?

A

Oath of Office- Take care Power OP

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27
Q

Define Executive Orders

A

Directive, rule, or regulation issued by a chief executive or subordinates, based upon constitutional or statutory authority and having the force of law.

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28
Q

Define Ordinance Power

A

Power of the President to issue executive orders; originates from the Constitution and acts of Congress.

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29
Q

Define Executive Privilege

A

the President’s power to refuse to disclose information.

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30
Q

Which positions in the Federal Government does the President name?

A

Ambassadors-Cabinet Members- Agency Heads- Federal Judges- Armed forces officers ACAJA

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31
Q

Define Senatorial Courtesy

A

Senate will approve only those federal appointees acceptable to the senator or senators of the President’s party from the State involved.

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32
Q

As a general rule, the President may remove those whom the President _____.

A

Appoints.

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33
Q

Define Reprieve

A

An official postponement of the execution of a sentence.

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34
Q

Define Pardon

A

Release from the punishment or legal consequence of a crime, by the President (in a federal case) or a governor (in a State case) PFGS

35
Q

Define Clemency

A

Mercy or leniency granted to an offender by a chief executive.

36
Q

Define Commutation

A

The power to reduce the length of a sentence or fine for a crime.

37
Q

Define Amnesty

A

a blanket pardon offered to a group of law violators.

38
Q

What 3 major messages does the President send each year?

A

State of the Union- Budget Message- Annual Economic Report SBE

39
Q

Define Veto

A

Chief executive’s power to reject a bill passed by a legislature.

40
Q

Define Pocket Veto

A

A type of veto a chief executive may use after a legislature has adjourned when the chief executive does not sign or reject a bill within the time allowed to do so.

41
Q

Define Line-item veto

A

The power many governors have to reject one or more items in a bill without rejecting the entire measure; used most often on spending measures; the U.S Congress gave this power to the President in 1996, but that law was struck down by the Supreme Court in 1998.

42
Q

Define Treaty

A

A formal agreement between two or more sovereign states.

43
Q

Define Executive Agreement

A

A pact made by the President directly with the head of a foreign state; a binding international agreement with the force of law but which does not require senate consent.

44
Q

Define Recognition

A

The exclusive power of a President to legally recognize foreign states.

45
Q

Define Persona Non Grata

A

An unwelcome person; used to describe recalled diplomatic officials.

46
Q

Under which conditions can the President order troops to go to combat?

A

Congress declaring war- Congress authorizing that action- Attack on the nation or its armed forces DAA

47
Q

How are Federal Judges selected and how long do they serve?

A

Appointed-Life

48
Q

What is the dual court system of the US consisted of?

A

Federal Courts (100+)- State Courts (1000+)

49
Q

What are the types of federal courts?

A

Constitutional- Special FCS

50
Q

Define Inferior Courts

A

the lower federal courts, under the Supreme Court.

51
Q

What are the types of Constitutional Courts?

A

Appeals-District-International Trade CADT

52
Q

What is the purpose of Constitutional Courts?

A

Exercise the judicial power of the US

53
Q

What is the purpose of Special Courts?

A

Hear cases arising out of some of the expressed powers given to Congress.

54
Q

Define Jurisdiction

A

The authority of a court to hear a case.

55
Q

Under what conditions may federal courts hear cases?

A

Subject matter- Parties Involved SP

56
Q

What are the types of Jurisdiction?

A

Exclusive-Concurrent-Original/Appellate ECOA

57
Q

Define Exclusive Jurisdiction

A

Can be only tried in Federal Courts.

58
Q

Define Concurrent Jurisdiction

A

Power shared by federal and State courts to hear certain cases.

59
Q

Define Plaintiff

A

Person who files the suit.

60
Q

Define Defendant

A

Person against whom the complaint is made.

61
Q

Example of Concurrent Jurisdiction

A

Disputes involving citizens of different States/Cases tied to either federal or State Court

62
Q

Define Original Jurisdiction

A

The power of a court to hear a case first, before any other court.

63
Q

Define Appellate Jurisdiction

A

The authority of a court to review decisions of inferior courts.

64
Q

Explain the process of getting a job as a judge.

A

Nomination by President-Examining by Senate Committee- Senatorial Debate NED

65
Q

Define Judicial Restraint

A

A judicial philosophy in which supporters believe that judges should decide cases based on the original intent of the Framers or those who enacted the Statute involved in a case.

66
Q

Define Precedent

A

Court decisions that stands as an example to be followed in the future, similar cases.

67
Q

Define Judicial Activism

A

A judicial philosophy in which supporters believe that judges should interpret and apply provisions in the Constitution and in statute law in light of ongoing changes in conditions and values.

68
Q

Who is the Supreme Court consisted of?

A

Chief Justice-8 Assistant Judges

69
Q

Define Judicial Review

A

The power of a court to determine the constitutionality of a governmental action.

70
Q

What type of Jurisdiction does the Supreme Court have?

A

Original/Appellate

71
Q

Define Writ of Certiorari

A

An order by the court directing a lower court to send up the record in a given case for review.

72
Q

Define Certificate

A

The result of a process in which a lower court asks the Court to certify the answer to a specific question, such as a procedure or rule of law.

73
Q

Define Briefs

A

Written statement that spells out the party’s legal position and cites relevant facts and legal precedents.

74
Q

Define Majority Opinion

A

The opinion on which the decision of the Court is based, which identifies the issue in the case and the reasons for the decision.

75
Q

Define Concurring Opinion

A

An opinion that agrees with the decision that the Court has made but for different reasons.

76
Q

Define Dissenting Opinion

A

An opinion written by a justice who does not agree with the Court’s decisions, explaining why not.

77
Q

Define Criminal Case

A

A case in which a defendant is tried for committing a crime as defined by the law.

78
Q

Define Civil Case

A

A case involving a noncriminal matter such as a contract dispute or a claim of patent infringement.

79
Q

Define Docket

A

A court’s list of cases needed to be heard.

80
Q

Define Record

A

A transcript of proceeding made in trial court.

81
Q

Define Courts-Martial

A

Courts composed of military personnel, for the trial of those accused of violating military law.

82
Q

Define Civilian Tribunal

A

A court operating as a part of the judicial branch, entirely separate from the military establishment.

83
Q

Define Redress

A

Satisfaction of a claim payment.

Political Science (5 decks)

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