Unit 5 test

Question 1

linear settlement pattern

Answer 1

buildings are built in lines along a road, railroad, or river

Question 2

metes and bounds system

Answer 2

natural features were used to demarcate irregular parcels of land

Question 3

township and range system

Answer 3

grid pattern

Question 4

Diffusion

Answer 4

The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time

Question 5

Industrial Revolution

Answer 5

A period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in the mid-1700s

Question 6

Columbian Exchange

Answer 6

The global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas.

Question 7

crop rotation-

Answer 7

Planting different crops at different times to avoid nutrient depletion

Question 8

intensive agriculture-

Answer 8

Small-area farms and ranches with high inputs of labor per acre and high output per acre

Question 9

extensive agriculture

Answer 9

requires limited labor inputs, or is spread across large areas of land, or both

Question 10

market gardening

Answer 10

the relatively small-scale production of fruits, vegetables and flowers as cash crops, frequently sold directly to consumers and restaurants

Question 11

shifting cultivation

Answer 11

clearing forests to plant fields for a few years and then abandoning them

Question 12

nomadic herding-

Answer 12

the raising of livestock for food by moving herds from place to place to find pasture and water

Question 13

subsistence farming

Answer 13

farming in which only enough food to feed one’s family is produced

Question 14

Monocropping-

Answer 14

growing a large amount of a single species of plant

Question 15

Bid rent theory

Answer 15

different land users are prepared to pay different amounts, the bid rents, for locations at various distances from the city center.

Question 16

Infrastructure

Answer 16

Fundamental facilities and systems serving a country, city, or area, as transportation and communication systems, power plants, and schools

Question 17

commodity chain-

Answer 17

the network of production and labor processes by which a product becomes a finished commodity

Question 18

slash and burn

Answer 18

A farming method involving the cutting of trees, then burning them to provide ash-enriched soil for the planting of crops

Question 19

Terrace

Answer 19

an area of ground on the side of a hill that has a flattened top in order to grow things

Question 20

organic farming-

Answer 20

using natural substances instead of fertilizers and chemicals to increase crop yields

Question 21

fair trade

Answer 21

trade in which fair prices are paid to producers in developing countries.

Question 22

Aquaculture

Answer 22

the cultivation of seafood under controlled conditions

Question 23

Sustainability

Answer 23

using resources in ways that do not harm ecological systems that support human existence

Question 24

food insecurity

Answer 24

a condition in which people do not have adequate access to food