unit 5 terms

Question 1

indutrialization

Answer 1

process of economic and political change

• shifts centers of economic activity
• two shifts: agricultural and industrial, rural to urban

Question 2

city

Answer 2

o Relatively dense settlement
o People do not grow food there
o 1st large city developed in Mesoptamia
 4000 BCE, pop = 25 000
o Approx 200 years ago = 5% of pop in cities

Question 3

tarahumara

Answer 3

mexico’s copper canyons, live in very remote areas

Question 4

deindustrialization

Answer 4

become too big and cannot support structures

Question 5

innovation

Answer 5

intro of something new, new idea device or method, used in invention

Question 6

most educated country

Answer 6

Canada

Question 7

central place theory model

Answer 7

o Walter Christaller
o 1933 Germany
o Relationships between urban areas and hinterlands and the range that cities need to maintain their size

Question 8

hinterland

Answer 8

Surrounding area served by urban center

 Literally = country behind

Question 9

range

Answer 9

= Distance people are willing to travel to buy something
 Cola = not far
 Rolls Royce = far

Question 10

threshhold of product

Answer 10

 Minimum number of customers needed for it to succeed
 Soda = less people and less range = smaller area
 Rolls Royce = needs more people as potential clients + large
 Range = larger area
 IKEA = Number of people in area
 Tim’s = amount of sales
o Assumed uniform topography, equal transport
o Model

Question 11

concentric zone model

Answer 11

o 5 land use rings arranged around common centre

Question 12

multiple nuclei

Answer 12

o Mid-20th century city

o Several land-use zones arranged around nuclear growth points

Question 13

sector

Answer 13

o Land use areas conform to wedge shaped pattern focused on downtown core
o Wedges along roads, rails

Question 14

frank lloyd wright

Answer 14

o 1867-1959
o Greatest American architect
o Though architect could be transformative
o Aesthetic that would enhance society’s well being
o Thought cities were cramped, crowded, poorly designed, built with no sense of design

Question 15

broadacre city

Answer 15

 Utopian plan for the perfect community
 Rejected American cities
 Cities would not be:
 Centralized, bound to CBD, bound to pedestrian
 Automobile focused
 Open spaces
 Architect as master controller
 Each family would get an acre of land
 Residential between commerce, industry, parks, ag

Question 16

self storage faciities

Answer 16

o	Cdn + American philosophy 
o	US = 2.3 billion square feet 
	>7 square feet for American 
o	48 500 US facilities 
o	12 000 rest of the world (-China) 
o	$27.2 billion US (2012)

Question 17

world cities

Answer 17

o Alpha cities
o Form part of a global urban network
o Linked more efficiently internationally than locally
o Control points for global capital, government, culture
o 24: Toronto, Montreal, NYC, LA

Question 18

alpha cities

Answer 18

o Linked more efficiently internationally than locally
o Control points for global capital, government, culture
o 24: Toronto, Montreal, NYC, LA

Question 19

urban heat island

Answer 19

o Central city appears as island of higher temps on a surrounding plain of more uniform lower temps
o Why:
o No plant evaporation
o Concrete

Question 20

death of shopping malls

Answer 20

o Problems:
o Power centers = large outdoor mall
o E-commerce
o Aging infrastructure

Question 21

power centers

Answer 21

large outdoor mall

Question 22

big box problems

Answer 22

 Target
 Future Shop
 Office Depot

Question 23

venice

Answer 23

o	78 massive gates on ocean floor 
o	Rise to make temporary sea wall 
o	Keep out water 
o	Locals moving out 
o	Tourists outnumber Venetians 600-1

Question 24

nail houses

Answer 24

o	Individuals vs city progress 
o	China 
o	People refuse to move 
o	Nail that refuses to be hammered 
o	Do not take compensation

Question 25

urban sprawl

Answer 25

( idek )

Question 26

housing first

Answer 26

o Utah 2005
o Fix chronic homelessness
o Approach was to make homeless housing ready
o 1st: Into shelters/halfway houses
o 2nd: Treatment
o 3rd: Permanent housing if progress
o Housing first = give permanent house first
o Saved government money
o Shelters, ER visits, ambulances, police $ was high

Question 27

squareone village

Answer 27

o	Eugene Oregon 
o	Create self-managed communities of low-cost tiny houses for those in need 
o	Goals: 
o	Bridging the gap: unhorsed to housed 
o	Community building 
o	Small foot print

Question 28

silicon valley

Answer 28

one of wealthiest areas

Question 29

american middle clas

Answer 29

lower in silicon valley

Question 30

stress of child poverty

Answer 30

o Stress of child poverty alters brain
o Prolonged stress = higher cortisol and other hormones = prevent and weaken formation of synapses in brain
o 1 in 20 US kids live on less than $2 per day

Question 31

the jungle

Answer 31

	Tent city 
o	Solutions
o	Expand housing subsides 
o	Raise minimum wage 
o	Strong early education and child care 
o	Give poor families and chance --> aid

Question 32

london

Answer 32

bikes=24% of central rush-hour traffic 
o	Planned paths on: 
o	Train tracks 
o	Floated along Thames 
o	Subway tunnels not used anymore

Question 33

NYC

Answer 33

o Abandoned elevated rail line
o >300 000 live within a mile of it
o Only 0.2 acres of park per 1000 residents

Question 34

whittier, alaska

Answer 34

o One town in one building
o 14 stories
o 220 people
o Hospital, school, government, housing, stores