Unit 5 Term List

Question 1

Medical Model

Answer 1

Proposes that it is useful to think of abnormal behavior as a disease.

Question 2

DSM-5 (Diagnostic & Statistical Manual-Fifth Edition)

Answer 2

The reference guide used by clinicians to classify psychological disorders.

Question 3

The Rosenhan Study

Answer 3

Classic 1973 two-part study completed by psychologist David Rosenhan. In part one, pseudopatients were admitted to twelve mental hospitals in five different states. In part two, psychiatric hospital staff were asked to detect non-existent “fake” patients. The staff falsely identified large numbers of hospital patients as imposters.

Question 4

Etiology

Answer 4

Identification of all the factors that possibly contribute to an illness.

Question 5

Mood Disorders

Answer 5

Disorders in which mood is severely disturbed.

Question 6

Bipolar Disorder

Answer 6

A psychological disorder marked by the experience of both depressed and manic periods.

Question 7

Delusions

Answer 7

False beliefs that are not based on reality.

Question 8

Hallucinations

Answer 8

False sensory perceptions.

Question 9

Anxiety Disorders

Answer 9

A group of psychological disorders associated with extreme anxiety and/or debilitating, irrational fears.

Question 10

Specific Phobia

Answer 10

A psychological disorder characterized by a distinct fear or anxiety related to an object or situation.

Question 11

Panic Attack

Answer 11

Sudden, extreme fear or discomfort that escalates quickly, often with no obvious trigger, and includes symptoms such as increased heart rate, sweating, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea, lightheadedness, and fear of dying.

Question 12

Panic Disorder

Answer 12

A psychological disorder that includes recurrent, unexpected panic attacks and fear that can cause significant changes in behavior.

Question 13

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Answer 13

A psychological disorder characterized by an excessive amount of worry and anxiety about activities relating to family, health, school, and other aspects of daily life.

Question 14

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Answer 14

A psychological disorder characterized by obsessions and/or compulsions that are time-consuming and cause a great deal of distress.

Question 15

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Answer 15

A psychological disorder characterized by exposure to or being threatened by an event involving death, serious injury, or violence; can include disturbing memories, nightmares, flashbacks, and other distressing symptoms.

Question 16

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer 16

A psychological disorder that includes at least one major depressive episode, with symptoms such as depressed mood, problems with sleep, and loss of energy.

Question 17

Manic Episode

Answer 17

A state of continuous elation that is out of proportion to the setting, and can include irritability, very high and sustained levels of energy, and an “expansive” mood.

Question 18

Schizophrenia

Answer 18

A disabling psychological disorder that can include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and abnormal motor behavior.

Question 19

Positive Symptoms

Answer 19

Excesses or distortions of normal behavior; examples are delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech.

Question 20

Negative Symptoms

Answer 20

Behaviors or characteristics that are limited or absent; examples are social withdrawal, diminished speech, limited or no emotions, and loss of energy and follow-up.

Question 21

Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 21

An eating disorder identified by significant weight loss, an intense fear of being overweight, a false sense of body image, and a refusal to eat the proper amount of calories to achieve a healthy weight.

Question 21

Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 21

An eating disorder characterized by extreme overeating followed by purging, with serious health risks.