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RTE1457 Rad Tech 2 > Unit 5: QA and QC > Flashcards

Unit 5: QA and QC Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Joint Commission?

A

accrediting organization where necessary quality measures are taken in healthcare

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2
Q

why are quality measures necessary in healthcare?

A

to improve pt care and provide a high quality of service so pts will return

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3
Q

What is quality assurance?

A

program of observing and assessing the varying aspects of a project, service, or facility to ensure quality standards are achieved

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4
Q

What is the focus of QA?

A

the people and the services they provide (pt scheduling, reception, exam, exam time, reports, image interpretation)

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5
Q

the process of QA should be observed at __________ to verify the process continues to meet standards

A

intervals

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6
Q

what is quality control?

A

set of activities that monitor and maintain systems that produce a product (equipment, instrumentation)

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7
Q

JCAHO will not accredit a hospital if they don’t have a viable

A

QC program

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8
Q

list the three categories of QC:

A

acceptance testing
preventive maintenance (PM)
error maintenance

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9
Q

describe acceptance testing:

when should it be met?

A

testing on new or majorly upgraded equipment prior to and during installation

before final payment will be made

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10
Q

acceptance should be done by a team of what?

A

a dpt or business admin, PACS representative, medical physicist and designated tech

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11
Q

describe preventive maintenance (PM):

when are they usually scheduled?

A

maintenance performed on the equipment to verify if it is functioning properly

6 months or 1 year

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12
Q

who performs preventative maintenance?

A

a service engineer or a medical physicist or tech

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13
Q

describe error maintenance:

A

corrective action required when equipment fails

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14
Q

many facilities prefer to have service ________ in place to ensure timely response during _____________ as well as to cover unexpected ______ _________.

A

contract; downtimes; cost repairs

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15
Q

describe continuous quality control:

A

all levels of people in an organization must participate for any process improvement to be successful

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16
Q

define display workstation

A

any computer that a healthcare worker uses to view digital images

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17
Q

what kind of monitor is market leader due to decreased price and size, increased quality, and lack of heat production?

A

LCD

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18
Q

what is considered the weakest link in the chain of digital imaging?

A

the monitor

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19
Q

quality control standards are regulated by the ______ to ensure quality in any imaging system

A

ACR

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20
Q

what are the three defined areas of a digital image?

A

contrast resolution
spatial resolution
noise

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21
Q

to check for image quality and appearance and geometric distortion-look use the:

A

diagnostic test pattern

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22
Q

what is luminance?

what is it measured in?

A

light coming from monitor

candela/square meter

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23
Q

what is ambient light?

A

any other light source not coming from the monitor

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24
Q

what is a photometer?

A

device that measures luminance of the monitor

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25
Q

for resolution, evaluate the patterns at:

A

the center and corners of the pattern

26
Q

what is luminance response?

A

a baseline luminance reading with monitor powered on and off

27
Q

what is luminance dependency?

luminance readings are taken at ____ points on monitor and should be within ______ of each other

A

observation of uniformity with test patters

5; 30%

28
Q

imaging departments plan to periodically backup archived files:

A

archiving plan

29
Q

what is system uptime?

A

monitoring of how long the system is down for any reason that is logged

30
Q

what is a super user?

A

user trained on all aspects of the system and can make facility specific changes after the vendor has left

31
Q

what is total quality management?

it includes maintenance of:

A

evaluation of the overall efficiency and effectiveness of an imaging system (all aspects of CQI, QC, and QA)

equipment, image acquisition, and processing standards

32
Q

what are some daily/weekly QC duties for CR?

A

inspect CR reader by looking at air flow vents, make sure space is available and vents aren’t blocked, dusting procedure

33
Q

What are some daily/weekly QC duties for technologist workstations?

A

inspect screen, mouse, and keyboard and clean if needed

34
Q

Describe Reject Analysis:

A

examination of repeat exposure so data can be gathered for the repeat reason, tech performing the study, and number of rejects

35
Q

what are reasons to repeat and image?

A

positioning, overexposed, underexposed, motion, collimation, artifact, no exposure, equipment failure

36
Q

What are NOT reasons to repeat an image?

A

wrong exam selection (body part), no marker, wrong accession number, wrong pt name selected

37
Q

who is responsible for maintaining the mechanics of the equipment?

A

service engineer QC

38
Q

What is preventative maintenance?

A

testing for accuracy and reproducibility and inspection of the x-ray generator, tube and calibration, and processor

39
Q

what is the role of the medical physicist within a radiology dpt?

A

perform annual or semiannual testing on all radiation producing equipment

help establish guidelines in digital imaging

40
Q

what is the required filtration for radiographic and fluoro tubes operated at 70 kVp or above?

for mammo tubes?

A

2.5 mm Al equiv

0.5 mm Al equiv

41
Q

what can be used to evaluate HVL?

A

aluminum sheets

42
Q

what is a roentgen meter?

A

meter that assesses HVL

43
Q

collimation must not exceed ______ of associated light field for a chosen SID.

this is performed:

A

+ or - 2%

semiannually

44
Q

what are the tools used to test the EFS?

A

pin hole camera
star test pattern
line pair resolution tool

45
Q

for an EFS smaller than 0.3 mm, use the:

for an EFS larger than 0.3 mm, use the:

A

star test pattern

pin hole camera

46
Q

for focal spot resolution, use the:

A

line pair resolution tool

47
Q

what is the tolerance from the stated focal spot size and the measured focal spot size?

A

40-50%

48
Q

What is the tolerance from the stated kVp during a QC test for standard radiography and mammo?

A

stated: + or - 5% of kVp selected

mammo: + or - 1 kVp

49
Q

How do we test for timer accuracy and how often?

A

a spinning top or digital timer tester

annually

50
Q

what sort of tolerance is allowed for stated exposure time?

A

+ or - 5%

51
Q

What are back up exposure standards for AEC?

A

must terminate at 6 secs or 600 mAs

52
Q

define exposure (mA) linearity:

what is the tolerance for radiation detector sensitivy?

when should it be tested?

A

ability of a system to produce a constant radiation output for multiple combinations of mA and exposure time;

+ or - 10%;

annually

53
Q

define exposure reproducibility:

what is the tolerance?

A

exposing the same technique 5-10 times and measuring the radiation output from each exposure;

+ or - 5%

54
Q

how do we test for mA linearity and reproducibility?

A

roentgen meter

55
Q

What is the minimum SSD for stationary and mobile fluoroscopy?

A

stationary: 15”
mobile: 12”

56
Q

What is the max exposure per min during fluoro?

A

0.38 mGy

57
Q

what is a penetrometer used for?

A

to demonstrate changes in contrast with varying kVp

58
Q

Which agency is in charge of making sure the manufacturing of imaging equipment is up to required standards?

A
59
Q

the average total annual exposure to humans is about ____ mSv per year from natural resources

A

3.6

60
Q

ALARA use:

A

high kVp, low mAs
smallest field size
shielding
proper filtration

61
Q

max annual dose is:

max annual limit for eye lens is:

all other body parts is:

A

50 mSv

150 mSv

500 mSv

62
Q

Cardinal Principles of Radiation Protection:

A

reduce time
max distance
max shielding

RTE1457 Rad Tech 2 (5 decks)

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