Unit 5 Pharm Chapter 27

Question 1

What phase of general anesthesia lasts from stage 3 until the surgical procedure is complete?

A) Induction

B) Recovery

C) Maintenance

D) Consciousness

Answer 1

C) Maintenance

Rationale:Maintenance is the period from stage 3 until the surgical procedure is complete. A slower, more predictable anesthetic, such as a gas anesthetic, may be used to maintain the anesthesia once the client is in stage 3. Induction is the period from the beginning of anesthesia until stage 3, or surgical anesthesia, is reached. Recovery is the period from discontinuation of the anesthetic until the client has regained consciousness, movement, and the ability to communicate. Consciousness occurs during the recovery phase.

Question 2

The perioperative nurse is aware of the threats to client safety that exist during and after surgery. The nurse should best protect the client’s safety by doing what action?

A) Monitoring the delivery of the client’s prescribed anesthetics closely during surgery

B) Monitoring the client’s skin integrity closely and repositioning frequently

C) Monitoring the client’s respiratory and cardiovascular status closely during surgery

D) Educating the client about the surgical experience during preoperative teaching

Answer 2

B) Monitoring the client’s skin integrity closely and repositioning frequently

Rationale:A key nursing responsibility during (and after) surgery involves skin integrity. Decreased level of consciousness creates a serious risk for skin breakdown. Preoperative education is important, but this has a less direct effect on the client’s safety. Monitoring the client and the delivery of anesthesia are primarily the responsibilities of the anesthesiologist.

Question 3

What role do anticholinergics play in establishing balanced anesthesia?

A) Decrease nausea and vomiting postoperatively

B) Facilitate amnesia

C) Decrease sympathetic stimulation

D) Decrease secretions

Answer 3

D) Decrease secretions

Rationale:Preoperative medications may include the use of anticholinergics that decrease secretions to facilitate intubation and prevent bradycardia associated with neural depression. Sedative–hypnotics relax the client, facilitate amnesia, and decrease sympathetic stimulation. Antiemetics decrease nausea and vomiting associated with the slowing of GI activity.