Unit 5-Operations and Trading Flashcards
Regular Way Settlement
T+2
Cash Settlement
Same Day
When Issued/As/If
No earlier than 2 business days after notification of settlement date is provided to a clearing firm by the syndicate manager
General Settlement Rule
- If security is delivered early, buyer may reject
- All delivery expenses are responsibility of seller and settlement takes place in buyer’s office
Interdealer Confirms
Submitted by both parties for virtually comparison by a clearing agency
- The morning after submission, a confirm is sent to both parties electronically
- Paper confirms are extremely rare
Settlement Rules for Securities Ineligible for Auto-Comparison (Paper confirm sent)
Regular Way: On trade date
Cash: Confirmed by phone on trade date, confirm sent next day (T+1)
When Issued: Initial confirm is sent T+1. Final confirm at least 3 business days before settlement
NOTE: If both parties agree, time and location of delivery may be adjusted
NOTE 2: For when-issued, initial confirm does not include accrued interest, dollar amount, or settlement date. These will be on final confirm
What is in a Dealer Confirm?
- Confirming party’s name, address, phone
- Contra Party info (who buying from/selling to)
- Accrued Interest
- Par
- Description of Securities
- CUSIP
- Trade and Settlement Date
- Yield or Price
- Amount of concession (per $1000 bond basis)
MSRB also requires:
- Name of executing BD
- Name of Clearing firm
- Time of trade
Dealer Trade Discrepancies Procedure
If error can be resolved: Erroring party sends a new confirm within 1 business day
Error cannot be resolved: Each party must submit DK notice
Procedure for DK Notice
Trade Occurred: Immediately phone confirming dealer and send written confirm within 1 business day
Trade Did Not Occur: Most immediately phone contra party and send written non-recognition notice and return receipt within 1 business day
Procedure-Contra Party Confirm not Received
Confirming firm must phone contra no earlier than T+4 and no later than T+8
- Written “failure to confirm” must be sent 1 business day after phone call
- The firm receiving “failure to confirm” must promptly confirm whether trade did/did not occur and send written confirm or non-recognition within 1 business day
NOTE: Either party may then void the transaction. Restitution may then go to arbitration
Good Delivery Rules
- All deliveries must have delivery ticket indicating: denomination, par, and coupon rate
- Bearer bonds must be in 1000 or 5000 increments
- Registered bonds must be in increments of 1000 up to max $100,000
Mutilated/Damaged Certificates
Can only be accepted if accompanied by a validation latter from:
- Transfer or Paying Agent
- Trustee
- Registrar
- Issuer
Mutilated Coupons
Must have validation from issuer or commercial bank
Cancelled Coupons
Must be endorsed or guaranteed by issuer, officer of the issuer, designated agent of issuer, trustee, or paying agent.
Good Delivery Bearer Bonds
- All unpaid coupons must be attached
- If delivery is made within 30 days of the next coupon payment, seller may detach and deliver with a bank draft for one month’s interest payable no later than the next coupon date
Delivering Called Bonds
So long as call is disclosed at time of trade, delivery is good. If not disclosed at trade date follow these rules:
- If partial call, seller must deliver uncalled bonds
- If whole call, must be disclosed by trade date
- Delivery is not good if call is not disclosed. However, if whole call is announces after trade date, seller has not option other than delivering called bonds
Bonds Below Minimum Denomination
All bonds must be transacted in the minimum denomination unless certain exceptions are made
Purchasing below min Denomination from Customer
Ok so long as existing position is below minimum and sale would liquidate entire position
Selling below min Denomination to Customer
- Original position must have been below minimum
- BD must send client a written notice stating that the trade is below min and may affect liquidity unless customer already holds existing bond position that would make sale within minimum denomination threshold
- This disclosure may be on confirm or separate statement
Small Money Difference Matrix
1,000 to 24,999 $10 25,000 to 99,999 $25 100,000 to 249,999 $60 $250,000 to $999,999 $250 $1,000,000 + $500
NOTE: Small money differences will not void good delivery, but significant differences may result in void
When must small money differences be rectified?
Within 10 business days of settlement
-Seller’s price prevails
Good Delivery (Legal Opinion)
All deliveries must be accompanied by legal opinion
-Those munis without legal opinion must be explicitly noted as “Ex-Legal” at the time of the trade
Good Delivery (Insured Bonds)
For bonds that are insured, a proof of insurance must be sent for good delivery
Endorsement/Assignement
For good delivery, all endorsements must be in the exact name of those listed on the cert
-All signatures (and any alterations) must then be guaranteed by a commercial bank or NYSE member
Computing Accrued Interest
The seller must pay the bond price along with any accrued interest at the time of trade
- Window starts on last interest payment date through day before settlement
- Most bonds pay interest every 6 months on the 1st or 15th
NOTE: If settlement occurs on the coupon date, no accrued interest is included in the sale
NOTE: 30 day month, 360 day year
Accrued Interest Schedule
J&J January 1 and July 1
M&N May 1 and Nov 1
F&A 15 Feb 15 and August 15
J&D 15 June 15 and December 15
Net Amount (accrued interest)
The first coupon after a secondary market trade
-The full coupon minus the accrued interest paid
Procedure for Interest Payment Claims
1) Party owed money must send written notice to party who received interest erroneously
2) Check for interest amount must be send within 10 business days of receipt of notice UNLESS
3) Claim is made more than 60 days after interest payment date-in which case check must be sent within 20 business days of notice receipt.
How are reclamation claims made?
Receiving BD must return securities along with delivery ticket and a description of the issue
-The BD receiving the notice must then promptly correct the issue and return the proper securities
Reclamation Period: Missing coupons, Mutilated certs/coupons, missing legal opinion, missing proof of insurance
1 business day
Dishonored Interest Check
3 business days
Irregular Delivery/Refusal by Transfer Agent
18 months