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System Software & Computing Concepts > Unit 5 : Operating System Overview > Flashcards

Unit 5 : Operating System Overview Flashcards

1
Q

What will happen to a computer without an operating system? ( 6 )

A
  1. Program instructions must be loaded into memory by hand
  2. No user interface ( UI ) except for I/O routines provided with executing program
  3. Program will be always idle when waiting for user input
  4. No facility to store, retrieve, or manipulate files
  5. No ability to control peripheral devices
  6. Can run only one program at a time , computer halts at end of each program
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2
Q

What is the basic services of an operating system? ( 3 )

A
  1. Accepts commands and requests from users and users’ programs and responds with appropriate output results
  2. Manages, loads, and executes programs
  3. Manages hardware resources of the computer including interfaces to networks and other external parts of the system
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3
Q

List out 2 methods for concurrent operations

A
  1. Multitasking
    • Use concurrent processing to simulate simultaneous execution of multiple programs even when using only a single CPU
  2. Multiprocessing
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4
Q

What concurrent operations supports multiuser systems?

A
  1. Multitasking
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5
Q

Which concurrent operations uses actualsimultaneous processing of multiple programs using either multiple CPUs or multiple CPU cores?

A
  1. Multiprocessing
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6
Q

What is the additional services of Operating System? ( 9 )

A
  1. Provides interfaces for the user and the user’s programs
  2. File management and support services
  3. I/O support services
  4. Means of starting the computer
  5. Handles all interrupt processing
  6. Network services
  7. Services to allocate resources such as memory, CPU time, and I/O devices
  8. Security and protection services
  9. System administration
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7
Q

List out the memory component in Operating System ( 3 )

A
  1. Memory Resident
  2. Memory Non-Resident
  3. Bootstrap Program ( Initial Program Load )
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8
Q

What memory components is always loaded in memory?

A
  1. Memory Resident
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9
Q

What is the other name for Memory Resident?

A
  1. Kernel
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10
Q

What does memory resident contains?

A
  1. Contains essential services required by other parts of the operating system and applications
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11
Q

What does memory resident ( kernel ) responsible for? ( 4 )

A
  1. Managing Memory Management
  2. Managing Processes
  3. Managing Tasks
  4. Manage Secondary Storage
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12
Q

What does Memory Non-Resident stores?

A
  1. Infrequently used programs
  • Software Tools
  • Commands
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13
Q

List out the General Purpose Computing Systems Categories ( 8 )

A
  1. Single-user, single tasking
  2. Single-user, multitasking
  3. Mainframes
  4. Network servers
  5. Distributed systems
  6. Real-time systems
  7. Operating Systems for mobile devices
  8. Embedded Systems
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14
Q

What general purpose computing systems categories is essentially obsolete?

A
  1. Single-user, single tasking
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15
Q

What is also known as conversational systems? ( OS Degree of Activity )

A
  1. Interactive
  • When we are trying to delete a file, the OS would confirm to us if we wanted to delete the file
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16
Q

What lets users submits programs or jobs for processing which had little to no user interaction ? ( OS Degree of Activity )

A
  1. Batch Processing
  • Ctrl + A and delete all the file from Recycle Bin
17
Q

What interrupts or service requests? ( OS Degree of Activity )

A
  1. Event Driven
  • Left , Right Click
18
Q

What is the rules between hardware and OS ?

A
  1. Hardware plpatform may suport a variety of OS
  2. An OS may work on a variety of platforms
19
Q

What services and facilities does OS provides? ( 10 )

A
  1. Command Processor
  2. File Management System
  3. I/O Control System
  4. Process Control Management and Interprocess Communication
  5. Memory Management
  6. Scheduling System
  7. Secondary Storage Management
  8. Network Management, Communication Support and Communication Interfaces
  9. System Protection Management and Security
  10. System Administration
20
Q

What does a standard OS have?

A
  1. Provides program and file portability
  2. Enables user efficiency through recognizable interface
  3. Is implemented through a systems programming language like C++ or Java as opposed to assembly language
21
Q

List out the types of User Interfaces ( 2 )

A
  1. CLI ( Command Line Interface )
  2. GUI ( Graphical User Interface )
22
Q

What is Shell?

A
  1. User Interface and Command Processor that interacts with the kernel
  • UNIX / LINUX : C, Bourne, bash and Korn shells
23
Q

What is Command Languages ( 3 )

A
  1. IBM Mainframes - JCL
  2. MS Windows - .BAT files, Windows Powershell
  3. UNIX/Linux - Shell scripts
24
Q

What does file represent?

A
  1. Logical Unit of Storage
25
Q

What does a basis file management system provides?

A
  1. Directory structures for each I/O device
  2. Tools to copy, move, store retrieve and manipulate files
  3. Information about each file in the system and the tools to access that information
  4. Security mechanisms to protects files and control access
26
Q

What does a additional file management system provides?

A
  1. Backup, emergency retrieval and recovery
  2. File compression
  3. Journaling
  4. Transparent Network File Access
  5. Auditing
27
Q

List out the System Administration Support

A
  1. System Configuration and Setting Group Configuration Policies
  2. Adding and deleting users
  3. Controlling and modyfying user privileges
  4. System Security
  5. File Systems Management
  6. Network Administration
  7. Backups
  8. Software Installations and Upgrades
  9. OR Installations ( System Generation ) , patches, and upgrades
  10. System Tuning and Optimization
  11. Monitoring Performance
  12. Recovering Lost Data
28
Q

List out the 3 main configurations for the organization of an Operating System

A
  1. Monolithic Configuration
    • Unix / Linux
  2. Hierarchical ( Layered ) Configuration
    • Multics
    • Windows 2000 and later Version
  3. Microkernel
    • Macintosh OS X
29
Q

What is the drawback of Monolithic Kernel?

A
  1. Stability and Integrity must be managed carefully
30
Q

What does Hierarchial Model of an OS do?

A
  1. Each layer is independent of the other layers
  2. Requests are passed down to the layer immediately below it
31
Q

What does microkernel do?

A
  1. Runs the minimum essential functionality
  2. Client-server system on same system ( Clients request services from microkernel which passes message onto appropriate server )
32
Q

What types of OS is predominant in use? ( 2 )

A
  1. Single-user systems
  2. Workstations

System Software & Computing Concepts (9 decks)

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