Unit 5 - Networking Flashcards
what is a router
a router allows us to forward data packets across the network using the same protocol
what is a server
a server is a computer or system that provides resources, data, services, or programs to other computers, known as clients, over a network.
what is a switch
it receives data packets, inspects the packet for who the intended recipient is and then sends it onto the correct client.
what is a hub
it receives a data packet and then sends it to the all the clients in the network, who then have to determine if it’s for them
what is a wap
wireless access point - a device that creates a wireless LAN and usually connects to a router for internet
what is a NIC
network interface card - adds an additional communication port on a device to allow it be connected to a network
what is a bridge
connects two networks that use the same protocol
what is a gateway
routes data packets across two dissimilar networks (different protocols)
what is a modem
modulated demodulator - converts a digital signal to an analogue one so it can send data down a telephone line
define WAN
wide area network - over a geographically dispersed area and uses third-party infrastructure, such as an internet service provider
define world wide web
a collection of resources that can be accessed via the internet
define internet
a collection of inter-connected networks
define an FTP client
when you can send something across the internet without using the WWW
what is the structure of the internet
- backbone - a set of dedicated connections that connect several large networks at various points on the globe
- each of these points are then connected to other regional networks
- an ISP provides individual access to end-users
what is an internet address and what is it made out of
- each device on a network needs to be uniquely identifies so that data can be sent to the correct destination
combines: - MAC address - assigned to a device through the NIC
- IP address - identifies the router
format of IPv4
4 octets = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
format of IPv6
6 octets = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
what is a url
uniform resource locator - full address of an internet resource. it specifies the means of accessing a resource across a network and its location
combines:
- protocol
- domain name
what is a DNS
domain name system - dedicated computers with an index of domain names and their corresponding IP addresses
how does a DNS work/ what is its structure
when a computer queries a DNS server of a domain name, the server returns an IP address that the computer can use to send a message. when the IP address of a given domain is not known it is referred to a related domain server that they may know
structure:
- 13 root DNS servers
- segmented into geographical levels
how to resolve an IP address
suppose that a client has no cached record of an IP address:
- if the DNS server does not have a record for that domain it:
1. either recursively handles the request so that it can eventually deliver an IP address
2. or refers to the DNS server authoritative and follows this, and subsequent referrals, to successively lower-level DNS servers
what is a proxy server
acts on your behalf, protects the details of your client server from the outside world when doing tasks such as sending requests on the web
what is an SAN
storage area network - secondary storage devices connected in a raid formation
what is a PAN
personal area network - within a few meters, generally connected via Bluetooth
tag define
- = numberd list
- = new line in list
- = bullet points