Unit 5 Intro to Bonding Flashcards
why do bonds form?
potential energy between attractive particles is lowered, and bonding would increase system stability
ionic bonding
between positive and negative ions, the more electronegative ion takes electrons from the other atom which has lower electronegativity
oxidation
atom loses electron, forms cation (+)
reduction
atom gains electron(s), anion (-) is formed
OiLRiG
Oxidation is Loss (of electrons);
Reduction is Gain (of electrons)
why are metal atoms more easily oxidized? (which forms positive ions)
because metals have
1. high effective nuclear energy
2. have low ionization energy
3. high electronegativity
why are non-metal atoms easily reduced? (forming negative ions)
because non-metals have
1. high effective nuclear charge
2. high ionization energy
3. high negativity
Ionic compound properties
- Crystalline solids
- Lattice structure
- Formed between metal and nonmetal
- Electrons are transferred, not shared
Lattice structure
3-D Dimensional network of ions, has total charge of 0
Covalent bonding
Sharing of one or more electron PAIRS between two atoms. Bonds are NEVER purely ionic, always have some covalent character
metallic bond
type of bond seen only between metal atoms
study page 17 + 18 on properties of metallic bonds
you’re gonna ace the quiz and test!
what do melting point, boiling point, and hardness of compound depend on?
how strongly its representative particles are attracted to each other (Bond Energy)
