Unit 5 Headway Upper Intermediate Flashcards
Yes/ no question about future
Do you think you’ll ever get a promotion?
I hope so
I might one day
It’s possible ,but I doubt it
I’m sure I will
I’m sure I won’t. My boss doesn’t know my name!
Are you going out tonight?
Yes, I am
I think so, but I’m not sure
I might be
You bet! I’m meeting the guys at the pub.
Do you think the world’s climate will change dramatically in the next 50 years?
I don’t think so
I hope not
*Who knows maybe
I’m convinced it will.all the experts say so
The leap of faith
something you do even though it involves a risk, hoping that it will have a good result
Sword
sɔːd $ sɔːrd
شمشیر
Take the leap
a big jump SYN bound
He threw a stick into the river and the dog went after it in a flying leap.
2 a large increase or change
quantum/great/huge etc leap
a quantum leap (=very great increase or change) in population levels
leap in
a 16% leap in pre-tax profits
leap forward
the huge leap forward that took place in the 1980s
by/in leaps and bounds
if something increases, develops, grows etc by leaps and bounds, it does it very quickly
Lifeboat technology has advanced by leaps and bounds.
→ leap
Examples from the Corpus
by/in leaps and bounds
• Existing industries expanded in leaps and bounds.
• In fact, vegetarianism is growing by leaps and bounds, particularly among the health-conscious.
• Meanwhile, California was now using up its entire entitlement and still growing by leaps and bounds.
• Since Richard left for California last fall, my bank account has grown by leaps and bounds.
• The women’s confidence increased by leaps and bounds.
Intuition
the ability to understand or know something because of a feeling rather than by considering the facts SYN instinct
feminine intuition
Intuition told her it was unwise to argue.
2 [countable] an idea about what is true in a particular situation based on a feeling rather than facts
intuition (that)
He had an intuition there was trouble brewing.
We should trust our intuitions.
To be overstated
ˌəʊvəˈsteɪt $ ˌoʊvər-/ verb [transitive]
to talk about something in a way that makes it seem more important, serious etc than it really is SYN exaggerate OPP understate
To say that all motorists speed in residential areas is overstating the case.
The importance of a child’s early years cannot be overstated (=is very important).
—overstatement noun [countable, uncountable]
It’s an overstatement to say that the man’s a fool.
Turnips
/ˈtɜːnɪp $ ˈtɜːr-/ noun [countable, uncountable]
Image of turnipa large round pale yellow vegetable that grows under the ground, or the plant that produces it
شلغم
Think beyond thinkable
Seek solutions
Aims to make us take a longer-term view of the future
Boomerang
boo‧me‧rang1 /ˈbuːməræŋ/ noun [countable]
a curved stick that flies in a circle and comes back to you when you throw it, first used in Australia
Examples from the Corpus
boomerang
• Conflicts that hurt others can have a boomerang effect if management senses productivity has been lowered. 2.
• Hey, who needs Dad when you have a boomerang?
• Holthouse says he perceived that something connected the lights in a boomerang shape.
• I have read, or television has told me, about parts of space where the manmade boomerangs fly.
• Diets work for some Numerous studies show both the failure rates of boomerang diets and an inherited susceptibility to obesity.
boomerang2 verb [intransitive]
if a plan or action boomerangs on someone, it affects them badly instead of affecting the person who it was intended to affect SYN backfire
Boomerang kids
Kidults
someone who returns to live in their parents’ home in their twenties or thirties after a period of being at university or living away from home
Kidult
an adult who likes to play games or buy things that most people consider more suitable for children
Fled the nest
if a young bird flies the nest, it has grown old enough to look after itself and is no longer dependent on its parents
b) if a young person flies the nest, he or she moves out of their parents’ home in order to live independently
Now that the kids have flown the nest, I’m thinking about taking a job abroad.
Empty nesters
ˌempty ˈnesters noun [plural]
a couple whose children have left home. Marketers see them as a group ready to buy certain types of things such as smaller houses, particular types of holidays etc
Married couples without children, including ‘empty nesters’ as well as newly-married partners, form the largest single group of households at 36% of the total.
It’s a trend echoed throughout the world
θruːˈaʊt
ˈekəʊ $ ˈekoʊ/ ●●○ verb
1 [intransitive] if a sound echoes, you hear it again because it was made near something such as a wall or hill
The sound of an engine echoed back from the thick forest.
echo through/round
He could hear eerie noises echoing through the corridors.
2 [intransitive] if a place echoes, it is filled with sounds that are repeated or are similar to each other
echo with
The house echoed with the sound of children’s voices.
3 [transitive] literary to repeat what someone else has just said
‘You bet, ’ she said, echoing his words
Pay our way
I went traveling with some guys- round Europe, singing in the bars to pay our way
to pay for everything that you want without having to depend on anyone else for money
Sofia worked to pay her way through college.
A load more debt
/det/ ●●● S3 W2 noun
1 [countable] a sum of money that a person or organization owes
debt of
She had debts of over £100,000.
He had enough money to pay off his outstanding debts.
students who run up huge debts
2 [uncountable] when you owe money to someone OPP credit
in debt (to somebody)
Nearly half the students said they were in debt.
The band will be in debt to the record company for years.
£200/$1,000 etc in debt
A rash business decision left him $600 in debt.
get/run/fall etc into debt
The club sank deeper into debt.
be heavily/deeply in debt (=owe a lot of money)
3 [countable usually singular] the degree to which you have learned from or been influenced by someone or something else
debt to
Braque acknowledged his debt to Impressionist painting
debt of gratitude/thanks
the fact of being grateful to someone who has helped you
I owe a debt of gratitude to my tutors.
Here I am back in my old bedroom
To be rent free
rent at/for something
if a house rents at or for an amount of money, that is how much you must pay to use it
Houses here rent for at least $1,500 a week.
It may be a cabin in the woods or a motel room that you rent at the beach.
• It has built empty factories which it lets out free of rent for up to five years.
Get on well
especially British English if people get on, they like each other and have a friendly relationship with each other
with
I’ve always got on well with Henry.
The two boys get on well most of the time.
2 PROGRESS to deal with a job or situation or to make progress
How is George getting on at school?
with
How are you getting on with your essay?
without
I don’t know how we’ll get on without Michael.
Try and put things right with
to make a situation better, especially after someone has made a mistake or behaved badly
He has a chance to put things right by admitting a mistake was made.
Mummy’s boys
That’s a real bonus
ˌno-ˈclaims ˌbonus
in Britain, a reduction in the amount that you have to pay for car insurance, because you have not claimed any money during a particular period
In the end
We had got over the empty nest syndrome
get over something to begin to feel better after a very upsetting experience
She never got over the death of her son.
It’s like we’ve gone back in time
Take issue with that
to disagree or argue with someone about something
It is difficult to take issue with his analysis.
take issue with somebody over something
I must take issue with you over what you said yesterday.
Take it for granted
take it for granted (that)
to believe that something is true without making sure
He just took it for granted that he would pass the exam.
One thing I do like is having their friends round again
Take someone’s mind off his problems for a while
take/keep/get somebody’s mind off something
to make someone stop thinking and worrying about something
Going back to work helped take my mind off Ian’s death.
Want a game? It might take your mind off things.
Put up with it
put up with somebody/something phrasal verb
to accept an unpleasant situation or person without complaining
She put up with his violent temper.
Register
In written English, people usually prefer to use tolerate, which is more formal:
They had to tolerate many hardships.
Sharing a flat with
Landlord put up the rent
a man who rents a room, building, or piece of land to someone → landlady
2 British English a man who owns or manages a pub → landlady
INCREASE put something ↔ up British English to increase the cost or value of something SYN raise
Most big stores admit they daren’t put prices up for fear of losing their customers.
Get on with somebody
get on with something phrasal verb [transitive]
to make progress with a particular activity, plan etc
The board leaves the management teams to get on with the day-to-day running of each business.
Gets on someone’s nerves sometimes
informal if someone gets on your nerves, they annoy you, especially by doing something all the time
She’s always moaning. It really gets on my nerves.
Tidying away my things
British English to put something back in the place where it should be, especially in a cupboard, drawer etc
Let’s tidy these toys away.
The thing is
Stretch out on the sofa
1 informal to lie down, usually in order to sleep or rest
I’m just going to stretch out on the couch for ten minutes.
2 stretch something ↔ out to put out your hand, foot etc in order to reach something
Jimmy stretched out his hand to take the candy.
I’m saving like mad
informal very much, very quickly, or with a lot of energy
I caught my thumb in the door and it hurt like mad.
She ran like mad to catch the bus.
A beauty parlour
ˈbeauty ˌparlor noun [countable]
American English a beauty salon
ar‧lour British English, parlor American English /ˈpɑːlə $ ˈpɑːrlər/ noun [countable]
1 → ice-cream/funeral/tattoo parlour
2 old-fashioned a room in a house which has comfortable chairs and is used for meeting guests
ice-cream/funeral/tattoo parlour
a shop or type of business that provides a particular service
She helps me with my make-up
the qualities that a person has, which form their character
Pride has always been an important part of his make-up.
somebody’s genetic/psychological make-up
a possible link between genetic make-up and criminal behaviour
Keeps me in touch with the world of mysic
Is littered with her stuff
be littered with something
if something is littered with things, there are a lot of those things in it SYN be full of something
Recent business news has been littered with stories of companies failing.
[transitive] (also litter up) if things litter an area, there are a lot of them in that place, scattered in an untidy way
Clothes littered the floor.
litter something with something
The desk was littered with papers.
Take offence
of‧fence British English, offense American English /əˈfens/
take offence (at something)
to feel offended because of something someone says or does
I think he took offence at my lack of enthusiasm.
He helps me with household chores
/tʃɔː $ tʃɔːr/ ●○○ noun [countable]
1 a small job that you have to do regularly, especially work that you do to keep a house clean
everyday chores like shopping and housework
We share the domestic chores.
2 something you have to do that is very boring and unpleasant
I find driving a real chore.
COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES
a household chore (=a chore in the home)
household chores such as washing and ironing clothes
perform/carry out a chore
formal (=do a chore)
It’s good for kids to learn how to perform household chores.
Had a huge debt
Let alone
used after a negative statement to say that the next thing you mention is even more unlikely
The baby can’t even sit up yet, let alone walk!
I couldn’t afford to rent, let alone buy, even a shoe-box sized flat
A shoe-box sized flat
Take place
It takes ages to get there
I don’t know how I can put a stop to it
Please don’t take offence
Why didn’t you take my advice
The older you get the more you have to learn to ………. For your own life
Take responsibility
My boss is ……….. me to work extra hours
Putting pressure on
I tried to get the teacher’s attention but she …….. of me at all she just ignored me
Took no notice
Take no notice
You need to stop being so defensive and learn how to ….
Take criticism
Take criticism
accept/take criticism (=allow it and learn from it)
Very few people know how to accept criticism.
ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm/ ●●○ S3 W2 noun [countable, uncountable]
1 remarks that say what you think is bad about someone or something OPP praise
criticism of
My main criticism of the scheme is that it does nothing to help families on low incomes.
Despite strong criticism, the new system is still in place.
Take your time
Put it in your diary
Take it easy
Put yourselves in my shoes
You always take things too personally
I expect the stores will be… a lot of extra staff during the sales
Taking on
stɑːf $ stæf/ ●●● S2 W2 noun
1 WORKERS [countable, uncountable] the people who work for an organization
staff of 10/50 etc
Take on
take somebody ↔ on to start to employ someone → hire
We’re taking on 50 new staff this year.
2 take something ↔ on to agree to do some work or be responsible for something
Don’t take on too much work – the extra cash isn’t worth it.
3 take something ↔ on to begin to have a particular quality or appearance
Her face took on a fierce expression.
His life had taken on a new dimension.
4 take somebody ↔ on to compete against someone or start a fight with someone, especially someone bigger or better than you
Nigeria will take on Argentina in the first round of the World Cup on Saturday.
He was prepared to take on anyone who laid a finger on us.
The new was such a shock on me, I couldn’t… it… at first
Take it in
Take in
take somebody/something ↔ in phrasal verb
1 be taken in to be completely deceived by someone who lies to you
Don’t be taken in by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week.
2 take somebody ↔ in to let someone stay in your house because they have nowhere else to stay
Brett’s always taking in stray animals.
3 take something ↔ in to understand and remember new facts and information SYN absorb
He watches the older kids, just taking it all in.
His eyes quickly took in the elegance of her dress.
4 take something ↔ in American English to collect or earn a particular amount of money SYN take British English
The business really… after the new manager ….
Took off/ took over
Took off
to suddenly start being successful
Mimi became jealous when Jack’s career started taking off.
take off phrasal verb
1 take something ↔ off to remove a piece of clothing OPP put on
He sat on the bed to take his boots off.
Charlie was taking off his shirt when the phone rang.
2 if an aircraft takes off, it rises into the air from the ground SYN lift off, → takeoff
I felt quite excited as the plane took off from Heathrow.
3 to suddenly start being successful
Mimi became jealous when Jack’s career started taking off.
4 take something off (something) to have a holiday from work on a particular day, or for a particular length of time
take time off (work/school)
I rang my boss and arranged to take some time off.
take a day/the afternoon etc off
Dad took the day off to come with me.
5 take somebody ↔ off British English informal to copy the way someone speaks or behaves, in order to entertain people
Take over
take over something phrasal verb [intransitive, transitive]
1to take control of something
Who will take over when the managing director resigns?
The drug companies take over the research for the clinical trials.
2to take control of a company by buying more than 50% of its shares
A consortium of new companies took over the company a year ago.
It is a family business and it would lose something if it was taken over by a big conglomerate.
You called me a liar how dare you … that … and say sorry
Take that back
Take back
take something ↔ back to admit that you were wrong to say something
You’d better take back that remark!
2 take something ↔ back to take something you have bought back to a shop because it is not suitable
If the shirt doesn’t fit, take it back.
3 take somebody back to make you remember a time in the past
Having the grandchildren around takes me back to the days when my own children were small.
Put on some music
put something ↔ on to put a record, tape, or CD into a machine and start playing it
She put on some music while they ate
The disgusting smell of the cheese … me … eating my sandwich
Put me off
Put off
put something ↔ off to delay doing something or to arrange to do something at a later time or date, especially because there is a problem or you do not want to do it now SYN delay, procrastinate
The match has been put off until tomorrow because of bad weather.
put off doing something
I put off going to the doctor but I wish I hadn’t.
2 put somebody ↔ off British English to make you dislike something or not want to do something
Don’t let the restaurant’s decor put you off – the food is really good.
put somebody off (doing) something
Don’t let your failures put you off trying harder.
3 put somebody off to make someone wait because you do not want to meet them, pay them etc until later SYN stall
When he calls, put him off as long as you can.
4 put somebody off (something) British English to make it difficult for someone to pay attention to what they are doing by talking, making a noise, moving etc
It puts me off when you watch me all the time.
5 put somebody off (something) British English to let someone leave a vehicle at a particular place
I’ll put you off at the supermarket.
Could you …… all your clothes please your room is a total mess
Put away
Put away
put somebody/something away phrasal verb
1 put something ↔ away to put something in the place where it is usually kept
He put his toys away every night.
2 put something ↔ away to save money
We’re putting some money away for expenses.
3 put somebody away informal to put someone in a prison or in a mental hospital
If you are found guilty, the judge is going to put you away for life.
4 put something ↔ away informal to eat or drink a lot
It’s amazing the amount that child can put away.
5 put something ↔ away informal to score a goal, especially after other failed attempts
He seized the opportunity to put the ball away.
6 put something ↔ away American English informal to defeat your opponent in a sports competition
Two plays later, Smith scored to put the game away.
→ put→ See Verb table
From Longman Business Dictionary
put something → away phrasal verb [transitive]
to save money to spend later
He has a few thousand put away for his retirement.
There was a fire in the factory. It took nearly 50 firefighters to ….. the blaze
Put out
Put out
phrasal verb
1 FIRE/CIGARETTE ETC put something ↔ out to make a fire etc stop burning SYN extinguish
The rescue services are still trying to put out the fires.
2 LIGHT put something ↔ out to make a light stop working by pressing or turning a button or switch SYN switch off
3 MAKE AVAILABLE put something ↔ out to put things where people can find and use them
The girls helped her to put out the cups and plates.
4 feel/be put out to feel upset or offended
We were a little put out at not being invited to the wedding.
5 MAKE EXTRA WORK put somebody out to make extra work or cause problems for someone
Mary can’t come to dinner tonight. She hopes it won’t put you out.
6 put yourself out to make an effort to do something that will help someone
They had put themselves out to entertain her during her visit.
7 TAKE OUTSIDE put something ↔ out to take something outside your house and leave it there
Remember to put the cat out before you go to bed.
put the rubbish/garbage etc out (=put unwanted things outside your house to be taken away)
put the washing out (=put clothes outside to dry)
8 put your tongue out to push your tongue out of your mouth, especially as a rude sign to someone
9 put your hand/foot/arm out to move your hand etc forward and away from your body
He put out his hand toward her.
10 MAKE UNCONSCIOUS put somebody out to make someone unconscious before a medical operation
11 put your back out to injure your back
12 PRODUCE SOMETHING put something ↔ out to broadcast or produce something for people to read or listen to
They put out a half-hour programme on young refugees.
13 put out feelers to try to discover information or opinions by listening to people or watching what is happening
He had already put out feelers with local employers but they hadn’t been interested.
14 SHIP if a ship puts out, it starts to sail
15 HAVE SEX American English informal if a woman puts out, she has sex with a man
16 BASEBALL put somebody out to prevent a baseball player from running around the bases, for example by catching the ball that they have hit
ˌput ˈout adjective [not before noun]
British English
upset or offended
She felt put out that she hadn’t been consulted.
Blaze
bleɪz/ ●○○ noun
1 FIRE
a) [countable usually singular] a big dangerous fire – used especially in news reports → ablaze
It took almost 100 firemen to bring the blaze under control.
fight/tackle/control a blaze
Helicopters were used to help fight the blaze.
house/factory/barn etc blaze
a huge chemical factory blaze
b) [singular] a fire burning with strong bright flames
I lit the fire and soon had a cheerful blaze going.
► see thesaurus at fire
2 LIGHT/COLOUR [singular] very bright light or colour → ablaze
blaze of
the blaze of light from the security lamps
