Unit 5: Chemical Nomenclature & Reaction Chemistry Vocab Flashcards
combination reaction
a chemical change two or more substances react to form a single new substance,also called a synthesis reaction
single - replacement reaction
a chemical change in which one element replaces a second element in a compound;also called a displacement reaction
double - replacement reaction
a chemical change that involves an exchange of positive ions between two compounds
chemical equation
an expression representing a chemical reaction; the formulas of the reactants (on the left) are connected by an arrow with the formulas for the products (on the right)
decomposition reaction
a chemical change in which a single compound is broken down into two or more simpler products
activity series
a list of elements in order of decreasing activity; the activity series of halogens is Fl, Cl, Br, I
monatomic ion
a single atom with a positive or negative charge resulting from the loss or gain of one or more valence electrons
binary compound
a compound composed of two elements
acid
a compound that produces hydrogen ions in a solution
base
a compound that produces hydroxide ions in a solution
skeleton equation
a chemical equation that does not indicate the relative amounts of reactants and products
balanced equation
a chemical equation in which mass is conserved; each side of the equation has the same number of atoms of each element
catalyst
a substance that increases the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy barrier; the catalyst is not used up in the reaction
coefficient
a small whole number that appears in front of a formula in a balanced chemical equation
combustion reaction
a chemical change in which an element or a compound reacts with oxygen, often producing energy in the form of heat and light
