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US History > Unit 5: Chapters 10-12 United States History/Lepinsky, Warner, Levi > Flashcards

Unit 5: Chapters 10-12 United States History/Lepinsky, Warner, Levi Flashcards

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1
Q

Wilmot Proviso

A

No slavery nor involuntary servitude shall exist in lands won from Mexico; was never passed

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2
Q

Free Soil Party

A

Supported national freedom platform that resisted aggressions of slave power

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3
Q

Popular Sovereignty

A

Voters in a territory, not congress, should decide on allowing slavery

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4
Q

Secede

A

to break away (as in South from Union)

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5
Q

Compromise of 1850

A

Settled issue of slavery in territories acquired from Mexico in Mexican-American War

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6
Q

Fugitive Slave Act

A

Citizens had to help with catching and returning runaway slaves

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7
Q

Personal liberty Law

A

Nullified Fugitive Slave Act

Allowed states to arrest slave catchers for kidnapping

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8
Q

Underground Railroad

A

Organized network of people who helped slaves escape to freedom

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9
Q

Harriet Tubman

A

“Black Moses” guided 100s of slaves to freedom, including her own parents

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10
Q

Harriet Beecher Stowe

A

Author of “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”, 1862, which condemned slavery

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11
Q

Kansas-Nebraska Act

A

Created Kansas and Nebraska as territories; potential for slavery because people could vote on whether to allow it

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12
Q

John Brown

A

Slavery abolitionist who moved from NY to Kansas

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13
Q

Bleeding Kansas

A

ViolentFights between slavery supporters and abolitionists in Kansas

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14
Q

KnowNothings

A

Anti-immigrant movement; became American party

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15
Q

Republican Party

A

Formed: 1854

Philosophy against slavery

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16
Q

Dred Scott

A

Missouri slave who claimed freedom before Supreme Court; was ruled against

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17
Q

Robert B. Taney

A

Chief justice US Supreme Court that made Dred Scott decision

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18
Q

Abraham Lincoln

A

IL legislator who practiced law; opposed slavery

Became 16th president

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19
Q

Steven A. Douglas

A

IL politician who supported slavery; held debates with Lincoln competing for IL senate seat

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20
Q

Harper’s Ferry

A

1859 Site where John Brown tried to seize federal arsenal; hoped to inspire local slaves to join revolution; effort failed

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21
Q

Jefferson Davis

A

Mississippi Senator who convinced Congress to restrict control over slavery

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22
Q

John C. Breckenridge

A

Southern Democrat, VP nominee, goal to expand slavery in territories

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23
Q

Confederate States of America

A

Formed by Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, North and South Carolina, Texas, Virginia, Tennessee, Louisiana, and Mississippi seceded from the Union in 1861

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24
Q

Crittendon Compromise

A

Amendment allowing slavery in Western Territories south of Missouri that failed

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25
Q

Fort Sumter (outbreak of Civil War)

A

Harbor of Charleston, SC

1861: Confederates attacked it and Union troops surrounded

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26
Q

Blockade

A

Union ships prevented Merchant vessels from entering or leaving South’s ports

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27
Q

Robert E. Lee

A

Commander of Confederate Army

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28
Q

Anaconda Plan

A

Proposal by General Scott, Commander of US Forces to capture Miss. River and split South

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29
Q

Border states

A

Missouri, Kentucky, Delaware and Maryland

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30
Q

General Stonewall Jackson

A

Confederate General who refused to stand down to Union troops at Battle of Bull Run

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31
Q

George B. McClellan

A

New Union general after Battle of Bull Run

32
Q

Ulysses S. Grant

A

Part of Anaconda Plan; captured two Forts (Henry and Donaldson); eventually became Commander of Union Army

33
Q

Shiloh

A

Tennessee Battle; mass casualties on both sides; hurt Grant’s reputation

34
Q

Antietam, MD

A

Bloodiest 1 day battle of Civil War

35
Q

Emancipation Proclamation

A

1862 Military decree freed all slaves in Confederate states

36
Q

54th Massachusetts Regimen

A

All Black Regimen

37
Q

Income tax

A

Union govt tax to pay for War costs: 3% of all income > $800

38
Q

Homestead Act of 1862

A

Made Western Lands available at low cost to those who would farm it.

39
Q

Conscription

A

Any white man between 20-45 could be drafted; African Americans Exempt; rich could hire replacements

40
Q

Copperheads

A

Northern group against conscription; wanted to just end the war

41
Q

Habeas Corpus

A

Protects a person from being held in jail w/o being charged with a specific crime.
Pres. Lincoln suspended it and allowed military to arrest people disloyal to Union

42
Q

Clara Barton

A

Founder of American branch of International Red Cross

43
Q

siege

A

military tactic: army surrounds, bombards and cuts off all supplies to an enemy to force surrender

44
Q

Vicksburg

A

Month long siege ended July 4, 1863; Union victory

45
Q

Gettysburg

A

Longest battle; changed the way war was headed; Union victory

46
Q

George Pickett

A

Southern general whose last efforts failed at Gettysburg

47
Q

Gettysburg Address of 1863

A

Lincoln speech that honored the dead at Gettysburg

48
Q

total war strategy

A

Strategy followed by Grant that allowed for striking civilians and military targets

49
Q

William Tecumseh Sherman

A

Started Total War Strategy in march from Tennessee/Georgia border to Savannah, GA

50
Q

13th Amendment

A

Outlawed slavery in US

51
Q

John Wilkes Booth

A

Assassinated President Lincoln

April 14, 1865

52
Q

Matthew Brady

A

Photojournalist that documented Civil War

53
Q

Land Grant College Act

A

Gave $ from sale of public lands to states to start universities that taught agriculture and mechanical arts

54
Q

Reconstruction

A

Period where Fed Gov’t returned Southern States to Union

55
Q

Radical Republican

A

Disagreed with Abe Lincoln’s laws;
Equal rights for Blacks
Led by Thaddeus Stevens, Charles Sumner

56
Q

Wade-Davis Bill

A

Demanded African American equality

57
Q

Freedmen’s Bureau

A

Made up of refugees, freedmen and abandoned lands

58
Q

Andrew Johnson

A

VP; took over Pres. after Lincoln’s assassination

59
Q

Black Code

A

Laws that limited Blacks rights and keep them as landless workers

60
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1866

A

Created Federal guarantee of civil rights; superceded any state laws that limited them

61
Q

14th Amendment

A

Equality under the law for all citizens

62
Q

Impeach

A

Remove from office for wrongdoing

63
Q

15th Amendment

A

Forbidding any state from denying voting rights on race, color, or being previous slaves

64
Q

Scallawag

A

Men who had been locked out of pre-Civil War politics by rich neighbors

65
Q

Carpetbagger

A

Newcomers to the South named after their suitcases

66
Q

Segregation

A

seperation of the races

67
Q

Integration

A

combining the races in schools

68
Q

Sharecropping

A

system with no cash; landowner decided on “crop”; gave sharecropper place to live, tools in return for share of harvest

69
Q

Share-Tenancy

A

same as Sharecropping except Farmworker chose crop to plant not landowner

70
Q

Tenant Farming

A

Tenant paid cash rent to landowner and then could choose crop and farm land

71
Q

Klu Klux Klan

A

Southerners who terrorized Blacks

72
Q

Enforcement Acts

A

Acts of Klu Klux Klan; federal offense to interfere with citizen’s right to vote

73
Q

Redeemers

A

Politicians who Aimed to repair/redeem the South in eyes of Congress

74
Q

Rutherford B. Hayes

A

Republican who Ran for president in 1876; won after votes recounted

75
Q

Compromise of 1877

A 
Commision formed by Congress"
5 senators (Republican)
5 Representatives (Democrats) 
5 supreme Court Justices
Established that Hayes was elected.

US History (2 decks)

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