UNIT 5 - ADOLESCENCE Flashcards
A time of evaluation, decision-making, commitment, and carving out a place in the world
Adolescence
Period of rapid physical maturation, occurring primarily in early adolescence, that involves hormonal and bodily changes
Puberty
Girl’s first menstruation
Menarche
Chemicals secreted by the endocrine glands and carried throughout the body by the bloodstream
Hormones
The age when the pubertal sequence begins for boys
10-13 1/2 years
The age when the pubertal sequence begins for girls
Between ages of 9 and 15 years
True or False: Preoccupation with body image is strong throughout adolescence
True
True or False: Early-maturing boys view themselves more positively and have more successful peer relations
True
The location where fibers connect the brain’s left and right hemispheres
Corpus callosum
The part of the brain where emotions and rewards are processed
Limbic system
The region of the brain that is the seat of emotions
Amygdala
The highest level of the frontal lobes involved in reasoning, decision-making, and self-control
Prefrontal cortex
Contracted primarily through sexual contact including oral-genital and anal-genital contact
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
True or False: Adolescent pregnancy esults in low birth weight, neurological problems, childhood illness
True
The following are risk factors in adolescent sexual behavior except:
A. Drug use, delinquency, and school-related problems
B. Curiosity
C. Socioeconomic status
D. Family/parenting & peers
B. Curiosity
True or False: Behaviors linked to poor health habits and early death in adulthood begin after adolescence
False
Only ___% of U.S. adolescents sleep 8 or more hours a night
31%
The following are leading causes of death in adolescence except:
A. Unintentional injuries
B. Homicide
C. Health issues
D. Suicide
C. Health issues
Relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation
Anorexia nervosa
True or False: Amenorrhea is 10 times more likely to occur in males than females
False
Individual consistently follows a binge-and-purge pattern; are preoccupied with food and have an intense fear of becoming overweight.
Bulimia nervosa
Heightened self-consciousness of adolescents
Adolescent egocentrism
Adolescents’ belief that others are as interested in them as they themselves are
Imaginary audience
Move from the top position in elementary school to the lowest position in middle or junior high school
Top-dog phenomenon
Form of education that promotes social responsibility and service to the community
Service learning
True or False: The self-esteem of girls declines more during adolescence
True
Self-centered and self-concerned approach toward others
Narcissism
Period of identity development during which the adolescent is exploring alternatives
Crisis
What are the four statuses of identity?
Identity diffusion; Identity foreclosure; Identity moratorium; Identity achievement
Four statuses of identity; exploration and commitment are present.
Identity Achievement
Four statuses of identity; exploration is present, commitment is not.
Identity Moratorium
Four statuses of identity; commitment is present, exploration is not.
Identity Foreclosure
Four statuses of identity; exploration and commitment are not present.
Identity Diffusion
True or False: Adolescents’ ability to attain autonomy is not acquired through appropriate adult reactions to their desire for control
False
True or False: Securely attached adolescents are less likely to have emotional difficulties and to engage in problem behaviors, juvenile delinquency, and drug abuse
True
Intense, stressful conflict throughout adolescence; parent-adolescent relationships are filled with stress on a daily basis describes what model of Parent-Adolescent Relationships?
Old Model of Parent-Adolescent Relationships
Moderate parent-adolescent conflict being common and serving as a positive developmental function describes what model of Parent-Adolescent Relationships?
New Model of Parent-Adolescent Relationships
Small group averaging 5 or 6 individuals that engage in similar activities
Cliques
Larger than cliques and less personal; Members do not spend much time together
Crowds
Entry into romantic attractions and affiliations at about __ to __ years of age
11 to 13 years of age
Exploring romantic relationships at approximately __ to __ years of age
14 to 16 years of age
Consolidating dyadic romantic bonds at about __ to __ years of age
17 to 19 years of age
Ceremony or ritual that marks an individual’s transition from one status to another
Rites of passage
An adolescent who breaks the law or engages in behavior that is considered illegal
Juvenile delinquent
