Unit 5 Flashcards
What are the 5 characteristics of a verb-form?
person, number, tense, mood, and voice
What are the three moods (attitudes of expression)?
indicative, subjunctive, and imperative
Give an example of a sentence in the indicative mood.
Indicative indicates fact. “It rained yesterday.”
Give an example of a sentence in the subjunctive mood.
Subjunctive expresses something contingent or hypothetical. “If only he were here.”
Give an example of a sentence in the imperative mood.
The imperative is used to express a direct command or request. “Have mercy on us!”
work
operō, operāre, operāvī, operātus
pray
ōrō, ōrāre, ōrāvī, ōrātus
worship, adore
adōr- -ō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus
beseech
exōr- -ō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus
rule, reign
rēgn- -ō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus
make holy, consecrate
cõsecr- -ō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus
keep, preserve
serv- -ō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus
keep, preserve (2)
cōnserv- -ō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus
watch, observe
observ- -ō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus
call, invite
ēvoc- -ō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus
call upon, invoke
invoc- -ō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus
star
f. stēlla, stēllæ
way, road, street
f. via, viæ
servant
m. famulus, famulī
example
n. documentum, documentī
beginning
n. prīncipium, prīncipiī
blessed, blest
benedictus, -a, -um
divine
dīvīnus, -a, -um
righteous, just
jūstus, -a, -um
hallowed, holy (can also substitute “saint”)
sānctus, -a, -um
for; indeed (coord. conjunction)
enim
rightly, deservedly
(adv.) meritō
never
(adv.) numquam
now
(adv.) nunc
too; also
(intensifying adv.) quoque
always
(adv.) semper
What are the 4 “principal parts” of verbs in Latin (as opposed to the 5 principal parts in English)?
videō = first person singular, present indicative active ('I see; I am seeing')
vidēre = present infinitive active ('to see')
vīdī = first person singular, perfect indicative active ('I saw; I have seen')
vīsus = perfect passive participle ('having been seen')
As opposed to the English:
see = present infinitive active saw = past-simple active seen = past participle seeing = present participle sees = third person singular, present indicative active
