Unit 5 Flashcards
Virginia Plan- Wanted each state’s representation in Congress to be based on its ____
population
New Jersey Plan- Wanted each state’s representation in Congress to be ____, no matter the size of its population
equal
Connecticut Compromise- A _________ legislature in which laws would have to be passed by a majority in two houses of congress
bicameral
Connecticut Compromise- The _____ is based off of the NJ plan (equal)
Senate
Connecticut Compromise- The ____________________ is based off of the VA plan (population)
House of Representatives
Connecticut Compromise- There’s ____ senators per state regardless of size(100 total)
2
Connecticut Compromise- There’s 1 per _______ people per state (435 total)
720,000
House of Representatives Qualifications—-
Age:____
25 years old
House of Representatives Qualifications-
Citizenship: Has to be a US citizen for ____ years
7
House of Representatives Qualifications-
Residency: Must be a resident of the state AND ______ you wish to represent at the time of the election
district
House of Representatives Qualifications-
Term: ____ years
2
Senate Qualifications-
Age: ____ years old
30
Senate Qualifications-
Citizenship: Has to be a US citizen for _____ years
9
Senate Qualifications-
Residency: Must be a resident of the ____ you wish to represent at the time of the election
state
Senate Qualifications-
Term: ____ years
6
Perception of the 2 Houses - House of Representative-
Known as the ____ house
low
Perception of the 2 Houses - Senate - Also known as the _____ house”
upper
Expressed Powers- Powers that are ______ to the national government by the Constitution.
delegated
Expressed Powers- Found in Article 1, Section 8, Clauses ______
1-17
Implied Powers- Powers that are NOT expressly stated in the Constitution but are reasonably ______ to be powers of thee national government
suggested
Examples of the Implied Powers- Build an interstate highway.( Needs to be ________ and _______)
necessary and proper
Expressed Powers examples- Tax/____ for the defense &general welfare of the U.S
spend
Implied Powers examples- Article 1, Section 8, Clause ____
18
Inherent Powers- Powers of the national government because it is the national government of a sovereign state in the world. (powers that are ______)
obvious
Inherent Powers- ______ written or implied.
NOT
Simple Majority Vote- >____%
50
Examples of Inherent Powers- Regulation of i________
immigration
Super Majority Vote- >____%
60
Electoral Power- To replace a vacancy in the Vice presidency, the President nominates a replacement who must be confirmed by a ______ majority vote in both houses of congress
simple
Electoral Power- If no candidate wins a majority ____ votes in the Electoral College, the ______ of Representatives chooses the President and the ______ chooses the Vice President
electoral
House
Senate
Impeachment Power- Congress has the power to try and remove _______ and judges/ justices that have been accused of treason and other high crimes and misdemeanors
Presidents
Impeachment Power- The House of Representatives _____ or indicts the official.( bring charges against)
Requires a ______ majority vote
impeaches
simple
Impeachment Power- The Senate holds the impeachment _____
trial
Impeachment Power( Senate)- Requires a _____ majority vote(2/3)
super
Presidents who’ve been impeached- _______ Johnson 1868, Bill _______ 1998,
______ Trump 2019
Andrew
Clinton
Donald
Impeachment Power- Three presidents have been impeached, but ________ their senate trials.
survived
Power of the Purse- Article 1, Section _____
7
Power of the Purse- “All bills to raise revenue (______) shall originate in the House of Representatives
taxes
Treaty Power- The _____ (only) has the power to ratify treaties negotiated by the President.
senate
Treaty Power- Requires a ______ majority vote(2/3)
super
Confirmation Power- The _____(only) has the power to confirm Presidential appointees by simple majority vote
Senate
Gerrymandering- The process of drawing district lines on a _____ basis.(To benefit a specific political party over another)
partisan
Census- Every ten years the federal government conducts a census that counts every ____ in the country
person
Reapportionment-
_____ states that have grown with more seats in the House of Representatives
• ______ seats in the House of Representatives
from states who have shrunk
Award
Take Away
Congressional Elections- Happens every ____ years
2
Incumbent- the ____ holder of
a political office
current
Reasons why incumbents win- Credit Claiming
_______
Casework
Proven Winner
Patronage
Reasons why Incumbents win- ______ privilege( This gives the incumbent 100,000 in free postage to mail election materials)
Franking
Committee: a group of people in _____ who specialize in creating ____ and policies related to a specific set of issues
Congress
Bills
Standing committee-
Relatively permanent committees that meet regularly
• Handle the day-to-day business of Congress
• Each has a _____
Chairsperson
Standing committees-
House of Representatives-
• ___ Standing Committees
• _____ members a piece
20
25-40
Standing Committee- House of Representatives examples-
• ________
• Appropriations
• Agriculture
Standing Committee-
• “______” Committee:
• Chief tax-writing committee of the United States House of Representatives.
• Remember, the House of
Representatives has the “Power of the Purse
Ways and Means
Standing Committee- Senate-
• _____ Standing Committees
• ____ members a piece
16
8-13
Standing Committee- Senate examples- _______, Nutrition, Forestry
Agriculture
CONFERENCE COMMITTEES-
• Created to _______ a bill when the House and the Senate make different versions of it
reconcile
Conference Committee-
If the House and Senate pass two different versions of a bill, both versions are sent to a conference
committee to negotiate a
“___________”
Compromise bill
congressional research service- CRS works
primarily and directly for members of
________ and their Committees on a
confidential, nonpartisan basis
congress
congressional Budget Office-
Office
– The CBO is a federal, non-partisan agency within the ______ branch of the U.S. government that provides budget and economic information to Congress
legislative
Congressional Budget Office- Known as Congresses “______ the Bill “
Scoring
Congressional Research Service- Known as congresses “______ tank”
Think
Speaker of the House- ______ of the House of Representatives
Leader
Speaker of the House- _____ most powerful person in the country.
3rd
Speaker of the House- Elected by whatever party possesses the majority of the seats in the ______
house
Speaker of the House Examples-
Assigns _____ to committees
Decides who may ____
Bills
Speak
Majority Leader- _____ for the majority party in the House of Representatives
Spokesperson
Majority Leader- Develops the _____ party’s position
on issues and advances their cause
majority’s
Majority Whip- _____ the Speaker of the House and the majority leader
assists
Majority Whip- “______ them into line”
Whips
Minority Whip- _____ for the minority party in the House of Representatives
spokesperson
Minority Party- Leads _____ for the minority party
debate
Minority Whip- Assists the _____ leader
minority
Minority Leader- Primary task is counting ____ on important pieces of legislation
votes
Senate Majority Leader - Sets the agenda (like the Speaker of the House)
– However, not the ______ officer like the Speaker
presiding
Vice President-
• Presides over the ______ when available
• Casts tie-breaking votes in the Senate
Senate
President Pro Tempore- presides over the Senate in the _____ absence
vice president
How a Bill becomes a Law- Step 1- _____ is introduced
Idea
How a Bill becomes a Law- Step 1- An idea for a law could come from
several different sources:
– _____ (the people)
– Interest groups/ corporations (lobbyists)
– Legislators (members of Congress)
constituents
How a Bill becomes a Law- Step 1- A legislator must introduce the idea for a _____
bill
Bill- a draft of a proposed ___ presented to Congress for discussion
law
How a Bill becomes a Law- Step 2- Committee Referral- The Bill is referred (assigned) to a committee by: _______of the house(House of Representatives)
Speaker
How a Bill becomes a Law- Step 2- _________ of the House(House of Representatives
Speaker
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 2- Majority _______(Senate)
Leader
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 2- The Ways and _________ Committee
Means
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 3- The _______ committee that the bill has been referred to will now write the bill
standing
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 3- The bill must be well- written and in formal, ________, language
legal
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 3 - This process is called “______ up”
mark
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 4- The committee _____ on the bill
votes
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 4- If it receives a ______ majority vote (50% or <) in committee, it then moves to the full floor f either House of Representatives or the Senate to be voted on.
simple
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 5- _____ the House of Representatives and the Senate must vote on the bill
Both
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 5- If it receives a simple _____ vote in the house it originates in, it will then be voted on in the other house of Congress
majority
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 5- The EXACT same bill (word for word) has to pass through both houses Congress before it can land on the ______ desk
Presidents
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 5- If this happens (2 different versions of a bill are passed in the 2 houses) the bill will then go to a _________ committee to create a compromise bill
conference
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 6- Once a bill is passed with a simple majority vote in ______ houses of Congress, the President has ______ days to decide whether or not they will sign the bill
Both
10
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 7- If the President _____ the bill it will then be sent back to Congress to be voted on again
vetoes
How a Bill Becomes a Law- Step 7- If both houses receive a _____ majority vote (>66% or 2.3) for the bill, the bill will effectively become a law
super
Pocket Veto- When the President doesn’t _____ or veto a bill and then, within the next 10 days, Congress goes out of session the bill does not become a law
sign
Filibuster- A congressional procedure in the _______ where debate over a proposed piece of legislation is extended, allowing one or more members to delay or entirely prevent a vote on the proposal
Senate
Cloture- A procedure where a super majority vote to end a ______.
filibuster
