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History > UNIT 5 > Flashcards

UNIT 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an absolute monarch?

A

an all powerful king or queen

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2
Q

absolute monarch’s make _____ __ ____

A

all the laws

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3
Q

absolute monarch’s were not _____ __ ___ ____

A

subject to the laws

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4
Q

Monarchs believe that they derived their ______ __ _____ directly from ___

A

right to rule, God

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5
Q

How did the monarchs get all the wealth?

  • by seizing ____ ________ in the ___ _____ and far east
A

new territories, new world

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6
Q

How did the monarchs get all the wealth?

  • expanding ____ overseas and within Europe
A

trade

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7
Q

How did the monarchs get all the wealth?

  • ________ the growing wealth of their people
A

taxing

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8
Q

What was the monarchs wealth used for?

  • They used their wealth to build ______, _____ ____
A

large, permanent armies

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9
Q

Monarchs:
Phillip II

A
  • from spain
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10
Q

Monarchs:
Elizabeth I

A
  • from england
  • daughter of Henry the 8th
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11
Q

Monarchs:
Louis XIV

A
  • from france
  • called him the sun king
  • believed in divine rights of kings
  • built palace at Versailles
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12
Q

Monarchs:
Frederick the Great

A
  • from Prussia
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13
Q

Monarchs:
Maria Theresa

A
  • from austria
  • enlightened despot
  • had 16 children including Marie Antoinette
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14
Q

Monarchs:
Peter the Great

A
  • from russia
  • st. petersburg
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15
Q

Monarchs:
Catherine the great

A
  • from russia
  • pursued legal, social, and educational, reforms inspired by then enlightenment
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16
Q

Monarchs:
Mary Wollstonecraft

A
  • enlightenment thinker
17
Q

what was the most important invention of the late middle ages?

A

printing press

18
Q

what did they call this system?

A

ptolemaic system

19
Q

what did copernicus say a more accurate system of the universe was?

A

that the sun is the center of the universe, not the earth

20
Q

who developed the scientific method?

A

Francis Bacon

21
Q

what did Bacon believe was the best way to learn about nature?

A

knowledge achieved from observations

22
Q

What is the Enlightenment?
- Change in _______ of _______ Europeans in the 1600s

A

outlook/thinking, educated

23
Q

What is the Enlightenment?
- wanted to examine _____ ____ using _____

A

human life, reason

24
Q

Enlightenment Philosophers:
John Locke

A
  • Born in England
  • Disagreed with dictatorship (absolute monarchies)
  • disagreed with the divine rights of kings
  • Believed unjust rules could be forced from power
    MOST FAMOUS BELIEF
  • Natural rights of people: life, liberty, property
25
Q

Enlightenment Philosophers:
Montesquieu

A
  • checks and balances
    -believed in rights for the individual citizen
  • created the Legislative, Judicial, and Executive branches
26
Q

Enlightenment Philosophers:
Thomas Hobbes

A
  • social contract
  • believed that humans were naturally cruel, selfish, and greedy
27
Q

Enlightenment Philosophers:
Voltaire

A
  • free speech
28
Q

Enlightenment Philosophers:
Rousseau

A
  • from switzerland
29
Q

Three Ring Government:
Who is the executive branch and what article of confederation belongs with it?

A

The president, article 2

30
Q

Three Ring Government:
Who is the Legislative branch and what article of confederation belongs with it?

A

Congress - house of representatives & the Senate
Article 1

31
Q

Three Ring Government:
Who is the Judicial branch and what article of confederation belongs with it?

A

Surpreme court, Article 3

32
Q

French Revolution:
what two issues lead to the French Revolution?

A

Political and economic issues

33
Q

French Revolution:
Who makes up the first estate?

A

The clergy of the roman catholic church

34
Q

French Revolution:
Who makes up the second estate?

A

rich nobles

35
Q

French Revolution:
Who makes up the third estate?

A

poor peasants through well educated middle class

36
Q

the third estate formed a new _______ _______ to make for the french people

A

National assembly

37
Q

The national assembly wrote their revolutionary ideals in the _________ ___ _____ ______ ___ _____ ______

A

Declaration of the rights of man and of the citizen

38
Q

what was the prison that french citizens raided for weapons

A

Bastille

39
Q

From 1793 to 1794 Robespierre ______ 40,000 _______. this era is know as the _____ __ ______

A

executed, “traitors”, reign of terror

History (8 decks)

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