Unit 5

Question 0

Minimized fatality risk by wearing PFDs

Answer 0

Approx. 70% of boating fatalities are drownings that could’ve been avoided. 90% of drowning victims aren’t wearing a life jacket

Question 1

Typical boating fatalities

Answer 1

Someone not wearing a PFD falls overboard and drowns, a vessel capsizes and someone drowns, or a vessel strikes another vessel or fixed object and the occupants drown due to injury or are fatally injured

Question 2

Consider inflatable PFDs

Answer 2

Type 3: inflatable. Some inflate when in the water, others require to pull a cord. Approved for only ages 16 and older and are not to be worn on PWCs or while water skiing. Read operating instructions and approval label before you choose your PFD

Question 3

Reach, throw, row, or go

Answer 3

If a victim falls in you should try to talk the victim to safety

Question 4

Capsizing

Answer 4

When a boat turns on its side or turns over completely

Question 5

Swamping

Answer 5

Occurs when a boat stays up right and fills with water

Question 6

If your boat sinks or floats away

Answer 6

Swimming to shore should be considered only as a last resort

Question 7

If someone falls overboard

Answer 7

Pass the victim a PDF. Turn your boat around and slowly pull alongside the victim. Stop the engine. Pull the victim on board over the stern keeping the weight in the boat balanced

Question 8

Preventing a fire

Answer 8

Don’t mix fuel oxygen and heat

Question 9

If a fire in the erupts on your boat

Answer 9

If the fire is at the back of the boat head into the wind. If the fires at the front of the boat put the Stern into the wind.

Question 10

How to use a fire extinguisher

Answer 10

PASS

Question 11

Coldwater immersion four stages

Answer 11

1. Initial “cold shock” first 3-5 minutes
2. Short term “swim-failure” 3-30 minutes
3. Long-term immersion hypothermia after 30 minuted
4. Post-immersion collapse, during or after rescue

Question 12

HELP and huddle positions

Answer 12

H- heat
E- escape
L- lessening
P- posture

Question 13

Symptoms of hypothermia

Answer 13

1. Shivering, slurred speech, blurred vision
2. Bluish lips and fingernails
3. Loss of feeling in extremities
4. Cold, bluish skin
5. Confusion
6. Dizziness
7. Rigidity in extremities
8. Unconsciousness
9. Coma
10. Death

Question 14

CO Situations

Answer 14

Slow speed or idling causes carbon monoxide to accumulate in the cabin, cockpit, and rear deck

Question 15

CO Situations

Answer 15

Station wagon effect causes carbon monoxide to accumulate inside the cabin and cockpit if you are operating the vessel at a high bow angle

Question 16

CO Situations

Answer 16

Blocked exhaust outlets can cause carbon monoxide to accumulate in the cabin and cockpit area

Question 17

CO Situations

Answer 17

Another vessels exhaust that is alongside can emit carbon monoxide into the cabin and cockpit of your vessel. Your vessel should be at least 20 feet from a vessel that is running A generator or engine

Question 18

How to respond to injuries

Answer 18

Shock: keep the victim warm and still and in a lying down position until medical attention arrives. Elevate defeat several inches except in cases of head injury or hypothermia

Question 19

How to respond to injuries

Answer 19

Bleeding: apply direct pressure to the wound. If it is serious apply a dressing, maintain direct pressure, and seek medical attention

Question 20

How to respond to injuries

Answer 20

Burns: Idiot replace minor burns in cold water and apply a dry bandage after pain subsides. Seek medical attention for more severe burns

Question 21

How to respond to injuries

Answer 21

Broken bones: seek medical assistance immediately for broken and dislocated bounds. Apply temporary splints with care, lack of a splint can lead to hemorrhage, shock, or death

Question 22

How to respond to injuries

Answer 22

Head, neck, or spinal injury: never move a victim more than is absolutely necessary. The water can provide excellent support until medical personnel arrive. If a victim must be moved, place him or her gently on a firm, full-length support

Question 23

First aid kit

Answer 23

Should include: assorted gauze adhesive bandages and pads, cotton and cotton swabs, scissors, antiseptic medications and lotions, aspirin or aspirin substitute, latex gloves, and an extra towel

Question 24

Bailing

Answer 24

To remove water by skipping it out with a bucket

Question 25

Weather warning display signals

Answer 25

Small craft advisory- winds range from 21 to 33 knots (24-38 mph) red triangle, red white light
Gale warning- winds range from 34-47 knots (39-54 mph) two red triangles, white red light
Storm warning- winds are 48 knots (55 mph) and above. Black and red square flag, red red light
Hurricane warning- winds are 64 knots (74 mph) and above. Displayed with two red and black squares, red white re light

Question 26

What you need on board to summon help

Answer 26

Visual distress signals, VHF marine radio, mobile phone, emergency position indicating radio beacon (EPIRB)

Question 27

VHF radio

Answer 27

Channel 16- calling and distress channel, should not be used for conversation or radio checks
Channel 68 or 69- can be used to make contact with another boat

Question 28

Issuing a MAYDAY call

Answer 28

1. Repeat MAYDAY 3 times
2. Say “This is (name of boat 3 times, call letters once).”
3. Report MAYDAY once more and your vessels name
4. Report your location
5. Report nature of your emergency
6. Report kind of assistance needed
7. Report # of ppl on board and condition if any injured
8. Describe vessel and seaworthiness
9. Wait for response, repeat again if there isnt one

Question 29

VHF Marine radio channels

Answer 29

6: internship safety communications
9: Communications between vessels, and ship to coast
13: for navigational purposes by commercial, military, and recreational vessels at bridges, locks, and harbors
16: distressed and safety calls to coast guard and others, to initiate calls to other vessels. Often called “hailing” channel
22: Communications between Coast Guard and the maritime public. Severe weather warnings, hazards to navigation, and other safety warnings are broadcasted on this channel
24-28: public telephone calls (to Marine operator)
68, 69, 71: recreational vessel radio channels
70: alert channel