unit 5

Question 1

base

Answer 1

used to neautralise -metal oxides

Question 2

calcium oxide

Answer 2

used to neutralize acidic soil

Question 3

when acid ionises-

when alkali ionises-

Answer 3

produces H+

produces OH

Question 4

alkali+water

Answer 4

water and salt

Question 5

metals form

Answer 5

basic oxides and hydroxides

Question 6

non metals form

Answer 6

acidic oxides

Question 7

alumina

Answer 7

aluminium reacted with oxygen found in mineral bauxite

extracted and purified using bayar process

Question 8

stages of bayar process

Answer 8

crush bauxite
filter impurities
allow to crystalize to form alumina

Question 9

neutralize nitric acid

Answer 9

using calcium hydroxide

Question 10

extraction of alumina

Answer 10

molten alumina is electrolysed using haul haroult process

Question 11

croyolite

Answer 11

is added to lower melting point and save energy

Question 12

electrolysis

Answer 12

spliting chemicals into their elements by passing electrical current

Question 13

diaphram cell

Answer 13

porous so it allows brine to pass from one side to another but prevents chlorine and hydrogen gas from passing through so gasous produts are kept separated but still mixed with brine

Question 14

membrane cell

Answer 14

has an ion exchange membrane diving the cell .allows posituve ions but wont allow negative to pass through from the anode to catode as the brine only enter the cell the from the anode

Question 15

why is sodium hydroxide formed at the membrane cell more purified than diaphragm cell

Answer 15

contaminated with sodium chloride

Question 16

transition metals

Answer 16

d block and is an element with a partially filled d orbital

Question 17

uses of transition metals

Answer 17

good catalysts

used to indicate oxidation

Question 18

isomer

Answer 18

same molecular formula but different structure

Question 19

why are alkenes more reactive than alkanes

Answer 19

there is a greater electron density in the double bond so more like to react

Question 20

unequal spitting

Answer 20

known as heterolysis

Question 21

equal splitting

Answer 21

radical =equal

homolysis

Question 22

condition for alkanes halogen to take place

Answer 22

uv light

sunlight

Question 23

initiation
propagation
termination

Answer 23

• radicals create
• radicals are genearated
• radicals removed

Question 24

entalphy change

Answer 24

when one mole of gasous gas is dissolved in water under standard condition

Question 25

standard enthalphy of combustion

Answer 25

when 1 mole of a substance reacts completly with oxygen under standard conditions

Question 26

standard enthalphy of neutralisation

Answer 26

when one mole of water is formed in a neutralusation reaction under standard condition

Question 27

standard enthalphy of formation

Answer 27

when one mole of a compound formed from its element under standard condition

Question 28

how transition metals are used as catalysts

Answer 28

ability to change oxidation state
lower activation energy
speed up reaction

Question 29

benefits of using catalysts to crack hydrocarbns

Answer 29

uses less energy
highter yield of alkanes
can reuse

Question 30

exothermic

Answer 30

releases energy from the system as a form of heat
energy released from the system to the surroundings
reaction in from of electricity

Question 31

endothermic

Answer 31

absorbs energy from the surroundings in the form of heat

energy is in the form of heat