unit 5

Question 1

Abolition movement 5.1

Answer 1

It was a movement to stop slave trade and give freedom to slaves. After 30 years, slavery was abolished.

Question 2

Empiricism 5.1

Answer 2

Belief of something based on observation and logic. It was emphasized through Francis Bacon as different philosophies came to light.

Question 3

Enlightenment 5.1

Answer 3

Intellectuals put reason for community over religious ideas, thus causing revolution and it challenged the churches.

Question 4

Suffrage movement (include Wollstonecraft and Seneca Falls) 5.1

Answer 4

The suffrage movement is where Wollstonecraft argued that women should be allowed to be involved in politics, vote, and have same education as men. In Seneca Falls (1848), women went to promote women the right to vote. A landmark it was.

Question 5

American Revolution (include leaders, events, and documents) 5.2

Answer 5

The enlightenment caused the American revolution. Economic ideas like the free market and political independence. Declaration of independence against British rule occurred. Jefferson and John Lock contributed. Then because of this war occurred, but US won because we had help from France.

Question 6

Bolivar Revolutions ((include leaders, events, and documents) 5.2

Answer 6

In South America, the creole wanted independence from Spain. Simon Bolivar was one who pushed for the enlightenment ideals. In his “Jamaica letter” it talks about his plans. Eventually freedom is brought, but it took time.

Question 7

Classical Liberalism (include John Stuart Mill) 5.2

Answer 7

A type of liberalism that follows liberties under the law, but emphasizes economic freedom. John Stuart Mill was a classical liberal who basically wants all individuals to be heard out.

Question 8

French Revolution (include leaders, events, and documents) 5.2

Answer 8

(liberty, equality, and fraternity) National assembly was formed from all the people at meeting about economic loss. Lafayette wanted monarchy, but King had to accept nation assembly due to Bastille. Feudalism abolished and declaration of rights of man. Then Reign of terror. Because of trying to run away, King and Queen died.

Question 9

Haitian Revolution (include leaders, events, and documents) 5.2

Answer 9

In Haiti, slaves revolted and Maroons joined. L’Ouverture led them all against the British, Spanish, and French. He was so good, they were practically fighting each other. He was replaced by Jean-Jaquez and Haiti then became first country in Latin America to have independence AND it was due to slave revolt.

Question 10

Nationalism (include German, Italian, and Argentinian) 5.2

Answer 10

Nationalism grew in France and other places as people made their own political identities whether its from a language or culture bond. Cavour helped to unite Italy and knock out Napoléon. In Germany, Bismarck caused 3 wars to bring Germany together. (inspired by France) And Argentina and US had many immigrants due to Italy troubles.

Question 11

Causes of Industrialization 5.3

Answer 11

Right before, the environment cause was an agriculture revolution. Cause population growth, thus more people who needed factory jobs. The main cause was growth of technology.

Question 12

Factory system 5.3

Answer 12

Textile production was moved to factories creating the factory system. All started with Arkwright. This put textile cottage away.

Question 13

Industrialization 5.4

Answer 13

This is when everything begins to revolution, technology specifically. France and Germany had great recourses, but setbacks on industrialization. The human capital/workforce made US the leading force. Russia trade increased due to trans-Siberian Railroad.

Question 14

Fossil Fuels Revolution 5.5

Answer 14

Coal and petroleum became fuel for many inventions such as steamship and cars. Thus, this improved trade.

Question 15

Industrial Communication (include Railroad, Steamship, and Telegraph) 5.5

Answer 15

Alexander Bell helped improve communication with telephone. Steamships and railroads like the trans=continental railroads. It really helped trade.

Question 16

Internal Combustion Engine 5.5

Answer 16

It helped to power railroads, ships, etc. This also caused automobile and airplane technology. Thus, making travel quicker.

Question 17

Second Industrial Revolution 5.5

Answer 17

This involved more development in steel, chemicals, and machinery/electronics, whereas the first one was more over textiles and steam power. Electronic like lighting and heaters happened. Automobiles were created.

Question 18

Steam engine 5.5

Answer 18

The steam engine made by James Watt could cheaply harness the power of coal to create steam which generated energy. This helped steamships and trains so much that trade was forever changed.

Question 19

Meiji Restoration 5.6

Answer 19

As Japan was trying to modernize their country, they realized they must use Western Technology to protect themselves, so they overthrew the Shogun and gave power back to the emperor. They wanted to use western technology as they knew staying completely traditional, they would end up like China.

Question 20

Muhammad Ali 5.6

Answer 20

He was the governor of Egypt, then starting his own reforms such as changing military, schools, and newspaper. He made money off the cotton industry. He was one of the first great modern rulers just because of his view on state-sponsored industrialization.

Question 21

Capitalism (include Adam Smith) 5.7

Answer 21

This is when industry is controlled privately and not by government/state. Adam Smith provided the basis of private entrepreneurship. This shaped the economy and politics for humans.

Question 22

Stock Market 5.7

Answer 22

This is when stockholder might partially own a company and earn profit when the company makes profit. It was a new way to work a company.

Question 23

Transnational Business (include United Fruit Company and HSBC) 5.7

Answer 23

A business working across national boundaries. This could gain them more wealth as the business was not in one area. For example, the HSBC (British owned band) open in Hong Kong.

Question 24

Communism (must include founder) 5.8

Answer 24

This is when all social classes are the same. It was Karl Marx who originally created it as he had his cons with capitalism and socialism would replace it AND then communism.

Question 25

Labor Unions 5.8

Answer 25

In response to LOW pay and HARSH work, labor unions formed. They wanted to speak against employers and eventually won minimum wage laws, limit of hours you can work, overtime pay, 5-day work week, and less child labor.

Question 26

Self-Strengthening Movement 5.8

Answer 26

Reform efforts in China included this movement which they would be more powerful inside and out towards foreign powers. (Didn’t completely work)

Question 27

Socialism (must include founder) 5.8

Answer 27

Karl Marx wanted socialism so the community as a whole could work on production, distribution, and exchange. Him wanting this did work, but then was replaced with communism.

Question 28

Taiping Rebellion 5.8

Answer 28

War between Manchu Qing dynasty and the Hans. It was very bloody, but eventually the Qing dynasty did win.

Question 29

Tanzimat Reforms 5.8

Answer 29

The ottoman empire gave an attempt of modernization and to stop decline of ottoman empire. They would change school and military rules.

Question 30

New social classes (include middle and industrial worker) 5.9

Answer 30

As the factory system was made, the middle class grew. The industrial worker was a part of middle class and manager of factories were higher/first class.

Question 31

Urbanization 5.9

Answer 31

The process of an area becoming more urban. As factories grew, everything became more urban. This caused more classes to emerge because of factory jobs, middle class were created. This also caused some pollution and damaged the lower class.

Question 32

Cult of Domesticity 5.9

Answer 32

This was a system for upper and middle classes on what a women’s role should be. It was believed that women should stay at home and not do any work outside of the house.