Unit 4.4 Pharmacology

Question 1

Which type of molecule is the cellular membrane bilayer mainly composed of?

Select one:
A. Carbohydrate chains
B. Glycoproteins
C. Integral proteins
D. Phospholipids

Answer 1

D. Phospholipids.

Question 2

Which line of the table correctly identifies how molecules are transported into cells?

Particle - Cell - Method of transport

A: Glucose molecule - Red blood cell - Facilitated diffusion

B: Potassium ion - Nerve axon - Passive transport

C: Carbon dioxide molecule - Lung cell - Facilitated diffusion

D: Oxygen molecule - Muscle cell - Osmosis

Select one:
A. Row A
B. Row B
C. Row C
D. Row D

Answer 2

A: Glucose molecule - Red blood cell - Facilitated diffusion

Question 3

During a phase 1 clinical trial it is noted that even a low dose of a drug has a long period of therapeutic action and a very slow rate of biotransformation. Which of the following offers the most likely explanation of the observation?

Select one:
A. It is lipid soluble
B. It is carried around the bloodstream bound to a protein such as albumin
C. It crosses the blood-brain barrier very slowly Incorrect
D. It is actively transported in to target cells

Answer 3

B. It is carried around the bloodstream bound to a protein such as albumin

Question 4

Why are the stomach and intestines particularly suitable as routes of drug administration?

They have a large surface area
They have muscular waves of contraction
They have a rich blood supply

Select one:

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 1 and 3 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

Answer 4

2. 1 and 3 only

Question 5

Read the two statements below:

1. Insulin, a protein hormone used in the treatment of diabetes, is administered by subcutaneous injection.
2. Parenteral administration is a useful route for delivering medicines that are either inactivated or destroyed in the digestive tract or which are absorbed very poorly.

Which of the following responses is correct?

Select one:
A. Statements 1 and 2 are correct, and statement 2 explains statement 1
B. Statements 1 and 2 are correct, but statement 2 does not explain statement 1
C. Statement 1 is correct and statement 2 is incorrect
D. Statement 1 is incorrect and statement 2 is correct

Answer 5

A. Statements 1 and 2 are correct, and statement 2 explains statement 1

Question 6

Read the two statements below:

1. The half-life of certain medicines may be significantly increased in pregnant women.
2. During pregnancy cardiac output rises leading to increased renal blood flow and glomerular filtration, thereby accelerating the excretion of certain medicines.

Which of the following responses is correct?

Select one:
A. Statements 1 and 2 are correct, and statement 2 explains statement 1
B. Statements 1 and 2 are correct, but statement 2 does not explain statement
C. Statement 1 is correct and statement 2 is incorrect
D. Statement 1 is incorrect and statement 2 is correct

Answer 6

D. Statement 1 is incorrect and statement 2 is correct

Question 7

The table below shows data obtained during pre-clinical testing of two similar investigational medicinal products on cells in tissue culture. The rate of enzyme activity in a receptor activated metabolic pathway was being measured.

C1 goes from 100% to 105%
C2 goes from 100% to 95%

What is the most likely explanation for these data?

Select one:
A. C1 has a greater affinity than C2
B. C1 has a lower affinity than C2
C. C1 has a greater efficacy than C2
D. C1 has a lower efficacy than C2

Answer 7

C. C1 has a greater efficacy than C2

Question 8

The tendency of a medicine to cause physical effects in a developing embryo is known as:

Select one:
A. toxicity
B. mutagenicity
C. teratogenicity
D. pathogenicity

Answer 8

C. teratogenicity