Unit 4.2 Vocab Flashcards
What is attitude?
Feelings, often influenced by our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events.
What is a stereotype?
A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people.
What is social identity?
The ‘we’ aspect of our self-concept; the part of our answer to ‘Who am I?’ that comes from our group memberships.
What is cognitive load?
The amount of information our working memory can process at any given time.
What is prejudice?
An unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members; generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action.
What is discrimination?
In social psychology, unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members.
What are implicit attitudes?
Attitudes that individuals hold but may be unaware of or may not acknowledge.
What is the just-world phenomenon?
The tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get.
What is an outgroup?
‘Them’ - those perceived as different or apart from our ingroup.
What is out-group homogeneity bias?
Perceiving members of an out-group as more similar to each other than in-group members.
What is in-group bias?
The tendency to favor one’s own group.
What is ethnocentrism?
Believing one’s own culture or group is superior to others.
What is scapegoat theory?
The theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame.
What is the other-race effect?
The tendency to recall faces of one’s own race more accurately than faces of other races.
What is belief perseverance?
Clinging to one’s initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited.
What is confirmation bias?
A tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence.
What is cognitive dissonance?
Mental discomfort that occurs when actions or attitudes are in conflict.
