Unit 4.1- Species, communities and ecosystems

Question 1

What is a population?

Answer 1

A group of a single species of different species living in the same area and interacting with each other

Question 2

What is a community?

Answer 2

A group of populations

Question 3

What is a habitat?

Answer 3

The biotic and abiotic environment where an organism lives

Question 4

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 4

A community’s interaction with its abiotic factors

Question 5

What is a biome?

Answer 5

A group of ecosystems

Question 6

What is the biosphere?

Answer 6

The Earth or place where all organisms live

Question 7

What is a species?

Answer 7

A group of genetically similar living organisms that are able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Question 8

What are autotrophs?

Answer 8

Organisms that are capable of making their own complex organic molecules from carbon dioxide and other simple compounds

Question 9

What are heterotrophs?

Answer 9

Organisms that obtain their organic compounds through feeding on other organisms

Question 10

What are mixotrophs?

Answer 10

Organisms which use both autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition

Question 11

Definition of ingestion?

Answer 11

The taking in of a substance

Question 12

What are consumers?

Answer 12

Organisms that gain nutrients by feeding on other organisms using ingestion or absorption

Question 13

How many tiers of consumers are there?

Answer 13

Three

Question 14

What do primary consumers feed on and what are they called?

Answer 14

Autotrophs/produces and are called herbivores

Question 15

What is the third tier of consumers called?

Answer 15

Tertiary consumer

Question 16

What is are the organisms the solely feed on consumers called?

Answer 16

Carnivores

Question 17

What are omnivores?

Answer 17

Consumers who feed on both producers and consumers

Question 18

Which organisms gain nutrients by feeding on dead organic material and breaking it into smaller organic molecules?

Answer 18

Detritivores

Question 19

What is internal digestion?

Answer 19

The process by which an organism digests its food inside of its body, usually with the aid of a digestive tract.

Question 20

How does external digestion work?

Answer 20

Organisms secrete enzymes into their environment to break down organic debris around them

Question 21

What are saprotrophs?

Answer 21

Heterotrophs that get their nutrients by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment to break down organic debris around them

Question 22

What is the branch of biology where scientists study ecosystems and the interactions of the biotic and abiotic factors?

Answer 22

Ecology

Question 23

What is Symbiosis?

Answer 23

‘Living together’

Question 24

What is a type of symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit?

Answer 24

Mutualism

Question 25

What is Commensalism?

Answer 25

A type of symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected.

Question 26

What is a type of symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed?

Answer 26

Parasitism

Question 27

What is a predator-prey relationship?

Answer 27

A relationship is one in which one organism hunts and feeds on another

Question 28

What is the abiotic environment?

Answer 28

The non-living factors in the area

Question 29

What does nutrient cycling help to do?

Answer 29

Move organic molecules and minerals through the food chain and back into the soil where they can be taken up by plants to re-enter the food chain

Question 30

What is an experimental tool that allows the experimenter to control the conditions in a small part of the natural environment

Answer 30

A mesocosm