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G’s APHUG > Unit 4 Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 4 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

State

A

An area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government that has control over its internal and foreign affairs.

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2
Q

Microstate

A

A state that encompasses a very small land area.

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3
Q

Sovereignty

A

Ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states.

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4
Q

Nation-State

A

A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity.

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5
Q

Self-determination

A

The concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves.

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6
Q

Multiethnic State

A

A state that contains more than one ethnicity.

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7
Q

Multinational State

A

A state that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities.

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8
Q

Colonialism

A

An attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.

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9
Q

Imperialism

A

A policy of extending a country’s power through diplomacy or military force.

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10
Q

Boundary

A

An invisible line that marks the extent of a state’s territory.

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11
Q

Compact State

A

A state in which the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary significantly.

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12
Q

Elongated State

A

A state with a long, narrow shape.

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13
Q

Fragmented State

A

A state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory.

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14
Q

Landlocked State

A

A state that does not have a direct outlet to the sea.

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15
Q

Frontier

A

A zone separating two states in which neither state exercises political control.

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16
Q

Democracy

A

A country in which citizens elect leaders and can run for office.

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17
Q

Autocracy

A

A country that is run according to the interests of the ruler rather than the people.

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18
Q

Anocracy

A

A country that is not fully democratic or fully autocratic but rather displays a mix of the two types.

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19
Q

Theocracy

A

A system of government which is heavily influenced or controlled by religious leaders.

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20
Q

Unitary State

A

An internal organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central government officials.

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21
Q

Federal State

A

An internal organization of a state that allocates most powers to units of local government.

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22
Q

Gerrymandering

A

The process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power.

23
Q

Supranational Organization

A

An international organization composed of countries that cede some authority to the organization.

24
Q

Terrorism

A

The systematic use of violence by a group calculated to create an atmosphere of fear and alarm among a population or to coerce a government into actions it would not otherwise undertake or refrain from actions it wants to take.

25
Q

Perforated State

A

A state that completely surrounds another one.

26
Q

Prorupted State

A

An otherwise compact state with a large projecting extension.

27
Q

Stateless Nation

A

A group of people, a cultural group, that is not allowed to share in the state political process.

28
Q

Shatterbelt

A

A region caught between stronger colliding forces, under persistent stress, and often fragmented by aggressive rivals.

29
Q

Chokepoint

A

A strategic strait or canal which can be closed or blocked to stop sea traffic.

30
Q

Autonomous Region

A

A region of a country that has a high degree of power and self-government.

31
Q

Semi-autonomous Region

A

A region in a country that has a degree of power and self-government.

32
Q

Berlin Conference

A

A meeting in 1884 where European powers divided most of Africa into colonies.

33
Q

Antecedent Boundary

A

Boundaries that are drawn before an area is well populated.

34
Q

Subsequent Boundary

A

Boundaries that are drawn after the development of the cultural landscape.

35
Q

Superimposed Boundary

A

Boundaries that are forced upon existing cultural landscapes, a country, or a people by a conquering or colonizing power.

36
Q

Delimited Boundary

A

A boundary that is drawn on a map.

37
Q

Defined Boundary

A

A boundary that is established by a legal document.

38
Q

Law of the Sea

A

An international treaty signed by 165 countries that defines boundaries in the ocean.

39
Q

Territorial Waters

A

Up to 12 nautical miles from shore – a state may regulate passage by ships of other states.

40
Q

Contiguous Zone

A

Between 12 and 24 nautical miles from shore – a state may enforce laws concerning pollution, taxation, customs, and immigration.

41
Q

Exclusive Economic Zone

A

Between 24 and 200 nautical miles, a state has the sole right to the fish and catch other marine life.

42
Q

NATO

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization – A military alliance among democratic states, including the USA, Canada, and European states.

43
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

A military agreement among Communist Eastern European countries.

44
Q

European Union

A

An economic alliance of European countries that healed scars from World War II and improved economic cooperation between member countries.

45
Q

ASEAN

A

Association of Southeast Asian Nations - An economic union in Southeast Asia and was created to integrate the economies of member states to compete on the global market.

46
Q

African Union

A

Established 2002 to achieve regional solidarity and promote economic integration in Africa.

47
Q

United Nations

A

An international organization formed in 1945 to increase political and economic cooperation among member countries.

48
Q

OAS

A

An international organization that promoted peace and economic progress in the Americas, promotes social, cultural, political, and economic links between states.

49
Q

Al-Qaeda

A

A network of Islamic terrorist organizations led by Osama bin Laden, responsible for several attacks worldwide.

50
Q

Geometric Boundary

A

Artificial boundaries, often drawn along parallels of latitude or meridians of longitude.

51
Q

Natural Boundary

A

Those based on recognized physiographic differences such as mountains, rivers, and lakes.

52
Q

ISIS

A

Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, a jihadist militant terrorist organization that follows a fundamentalist variation of Sunni Islam.

53
Q

Commonwealth of Nations

A

An association of nations/sovereign states, most of which are former colonies of the British Empire, that cooperate regarding economic and trade.

54
Q

Boko Haram

A

Islamic movement that has carried out large-scale acts of violence and opposed adoption of Western culture practices.

G’s APHUG (1 decks)

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