Unit 4 - Topic 2: Continuity of Life on Earth

Question 1

Define Evolution

Answer 1

the change in characteristics of a species over time and relies on the process of natural selection
evolution is driven by:
- mutations
- natural selection
- migration
- genetic draft

Question 2

Define microevolution

Answer 2

is on a small population scale (single) , sublte changes that can occur in short periods of time.

Question 3

Define macroevolution

Answer 3

happens on the scale that transcneds the boundries of a species - taxa above the species level

Question 4

Evolutionary Radiation

Answer 4

is an increase in texonimic diversity that is caused by elevated rates of speciation that may or may not be assosiated with morphological disparity

Question 5

Mass Extionction

Answer 5

reuslt in the demise if vast numbers of species that over very large geographic area, even globally.

Question 6

Comparitive genomics

Answer 6

molecular homology is the similarity in the DNA and the proteins of an organsims genomic features can include; whole geenes, individual gene sequences, presense of gene duplicatinos and non coding/coding DNA.

Question 7

Natural Selection

Answer 7

is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to diffferences in phenotype.
- mechanism of evolution
- drives change in allele frequencies
- organisms with heritable traits survive and reproduce, increasing alleles.

Question 8

Allele Frequency

Answer 8

viability: an organisms ability to reproduce and survive
fecudinity: the natural capacity of an organisms to produce offspring
the fedudinity of one generation will affect the viability of the next because if a generation has high fecudinity it will produce more offspring and therefore have a good viability

Question 9

Calculating Allele Frequency

Answer 9

number of time allele occurs divided by total alleles x 100

Question 10

Phenotypic Selection