Unit 4 Test Flashcards
inflammation of the liver, highly contagious and affect livers ability to function is what disease
Hep A
how can you catch Hep A
contaminated food or water, raw selfish, polluted with sewage, or sexual intercourse with the infected
what are symptoms of Hep A
fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abd pain, clay covered BM
most cases are mild and most people who are infected recover completely with little to no liver damage
Hep A
who should not get the Hep A vaccine
anyone with severe allergy to any component of vaccine
if you have had any kind of ADR to any liver meds in the past
what are 5 teachings about Hep A vaccine
- teach pt that Hep A is a disease that does not cause long term liver damage and it does not become chronic
- if untreated, disease complications can be liver failure, arthralgia, kidney, pancreatic and blood disorders
- teach that since Hep A is a infectious blood disorder they have to inform previous partners and we have to report to CDC
- if pt thinks they have it they need blood cultures but no specific treatment so far (Body clears virus on its own)
- be sure to stay away form anything that could irritate the liver, such as alcohol, drugs
the 2 formulas for Hep A (Havrix and Vaqta) can be administered at
12-23 mos and 19 years and older
if Hep A is being given to the adult what should the given doses be
2 doses of 1.0 mL
after first one wait 6-12 months for the next
If Hep A is being given to child what should the given doses be
2 doses of 0.5 mL
after first one wait 6-12 months for the next one
for Hep A vaccine if you had it as a child do you need to get it again?
no
inflammation of the liver, can become chronic, increased risk of developing liver failure, liver cancer, or cirrhosis that could have been caught by sexual contact, sharing of needles/needlesticks, and mother to child
Hep B
what are symptoms of Hep B
flue like illness with loss of appetite, fever, tiredness, weakness, jaundice, and joint pain
what happens if you have had Hep B before
can not get it again but carry the virus
what are teachings of the Hep B vaccine
- need to report to CDC since its a contagious blood disease
- tests should include blood cultures and liver biopsy
- treatments are antiviral meds or worse a liver transplant
When should you get the Hep B vaccine
1st dose at birth
2nd dose at 1-2 months
3rd dose 6-18 months
and if you are going into the healthcare field
what are differences between Hep A and Hep B vaccines
- Hep A is recommended while Hep B is required
- Hep B is more severe and cause damage
- Hep A is not chronic but Hep B can become chronic
the most common sexually transmitted virus in the U.S.
human papillomavirus
most infections are asymptomatic and go away naturally
human papillomavirus
what can HPV cause in women
cervical cancer
cervical cancer is the ___ leading cause of cancer deaths among women
2nd
is there a cure for HPV
no
who should not get the HPV vaccine
- pregnant women
- anyone with a life threatening allergic reaction to any component of HPV
- Gardasil (allergies to yeast)
- Cervarix (allergies to latex)
- anyone with moderate to severe illness should wait until healthier
why should a person get vaccinated for HPV
- prevents most causes of cervical cancer in females
- long lasting effects form vaccine
- regular Pap tests are recommended
- can prevent genital warts, some vaginal, vulvar and rectal cancers
what are the 2 different vaccines for HPV and what is the difference
Gardasil and Cervarix
gardasil is for men and women while cervarix is only for women
what are the ages for Gardasil Vaccine
M/F 9-12yrs of age (before sexual contact)
what are the ages for cervarix Vaccine
F only 9-12yrs of age (before sexual contact)
what are the doses for HPV vaccines
1st dose= now
2nd dose= 1-2 mo after initial
3rd dose= 6 mo after initial dose
what are the severe side effects of HPV vaccine
- severe allergic reaction
- very high fever over 102
- behavioral changes
serious painful spasms and stiffness of all muscles, including lockjaw, difficulty swallowing or breathing, fever and disease complications can lead to breathing problems, broken bones and death
tetanus
prolonged cold symptoms like a cough and runny nose that leads to violent coughing or choking making it hard to breath, eat, drink disease complications are rib fractures, pneumonia or death
pertussis
causes a thick covering in the back of the throat. can lead to difficulty breathing, heart failure, paralysis and even death
diphtheria
bacterial, enters body from open cuts and wounds
tetanus
bacterial and spread person to person
pertussis and diphtheria
what disease does TDap vaccine prevent
Tetanus, pertussis, diphtheria
who should not get TDap vaccine
- severe allergic reaction after previous dose or to vaccine component
- NO CHILDREN under 11 years should get it
before this vaccine was available, diphtheria was one of the most common causes of illness and death among children
TDap
what is the TDap age schedule
- given at age 11 then every 10 years after
- women should get while pregnant to protect baby
- also can be given after serious cut or burn to prevent tetanus prevention
what vaccine is for tetanus, diphtheria, and ACELLULAR pertussis
Dtap
contains purified components of pertussis, such as inactive pertussis toxins either alone in a combination with other pertussis components
acellular pertussis
who should NOT get Dtap
- severe allergic reactions to component
- Gillian Barrie syndrome within 6 weeks after tetanus taxed containing vaccine
what is the schedule for Dtap vaccines
1st dose= at 2mo 2nd dose= at 4 mo 3rd dose= at 6mo 4th dose= in-between 15-18 mo 5th dose= between 4-6 years old
what is the difference between Tdap and Dtap
Tdap is not for children
contagious viral infection of the respiratory passages that spread around the U.S. every year
Influenza
how is the flu spread
coughing, sneezing and close encounter
what are symptoms of the flu
fever, cough, runny nose, body aches, sore throat, fatigue, pneumonia, vomitting
what are the two types of influenza vaccine
influenza inactivated (recombinant) influenza live (intranasal)
why should you get the flu vaccine
- from getting the flu
- make flu less severe if caught
- keep from spreading the flu to your family
when do antibodies form for the flu
2 weeks after vaccine
the seasonal flu vaccine protects against the influenza viruses that research indicates will be most common during the
upcoming season
the recombinant
does not have eggs in it or a live virus
the inactivated
is made with the inactivated virus
who should not get inactivated/recombinant vaccine for the flu
- severe allergies to vaccine
- Guillain Barre syndrome
the live intranasal flu vaccine contains
live WEAKENED virus
who should not get the intranasal live flu vaccine
- allergies to eggs or any allergic reactions to influenza vaccine
- Guillain Barre syndrome
- long term heart, breathing, kidney or nervous system problems
- pregnant
- weakened immune system
what is the schedule for influenza vaccine
children 6 mo through 8 years require 2 doses
1st dose= immediately
2nd dose= 28 days after initial
after that it should be given yearly
infectious disease that lives in the throat and intestinal tract
Polio
polio is most often spread through
person to person contact with infectious stool, and can be spread through oral and nasal excretions as well
before the polio vaccine what was common
paralysis, permanent disability and even death
what are the 2 different polio vaccines
IPV (inactivated polio virus) injection
OPV (oral polio virus)weakened version of virus
what is the schedule to receive Polio Vaccines
4 does of IPV
2,4, and 6-18 mo then a booster between 4-6 years of age
who should not get the polio vaccine
- severe allergies
- if person is sick before getting vaccine
- OPV can not be given to pregnant women but IPV can
what are some teachings of polio vaccine
- fainting after procedure
- severe shoulder pain from injection
- signs such as high fever, swelling in face, dizziness, weakness
virus that causes diarrhea, mostly in babies and young children
rotavirus
how is rotavirus spread
daycare facilities, transmitted through stool of an infected child
who should not get the rotavirus vaccine
- baby with allergic reactions to a dose or severe allergies to any part of rotavirus vaccine
- babies with severe combined immunodeficiency
- babies who have had any type of bowel blockage called intussusception
- babies who are moderate to severely ill should wait to receive
pt education for rotavirus vaccine
- teaching to parent
- oral vaccine is sweet
- vaccien spread through stool so could have mild diarrhea or vomitting after vaccine
what is the schedule for rotavirus vaccine 2 series
administered at 2 and 4 months
what is the schedule for rotavirus vaccine 3 series
administered at 2,4 and 6 months
for rotavirus vaccine your child must get the first dose before ___ weeks of age and the last dose by __ months
15 weeks; 8 months
contagious disease caused by varicella-zoster virus; usually fever, tiredness, loss of appetite, blisters all over body (5-7 days)
chicken pox
painful rash on the side of the face and body, blisters then scabs; headache fever, chills and upset stomach if severe could last for months or years
shingles
who should not get the chicken pox and shingles vaccine
- pregnant
- weakened immune system
- HIV
- allergic reactions
- allergic to gelatin
- if on steroids
what are pt teaching for chicken pox and shingles vaccine
- can prevent these diseases
- if given vaccine as child can wear off with time
- spread through person to person
- if has shingles keep it covered and don’t scratch, wash hands often
- if has either of the virus stay away from pregnant women
what are the schedules for the chicken pox vaccine
1st does= 12- 15 months
2nd dose= 4-6 years old
if haven’t gotten one by age 13 you need 2 doses atlas 28 days apart
what is the schedule for shingles vaccine
isn’t given until age 60 even if the pt has already had shingles
infection of the lungs that cause milk to severe illness in people of all ages
Pneumonia PCV13
is a streptococcus pneumonia bacteria that causes ear infections, sinus infections, meningitis (infection of the covering around the brain and spinal cord) and bacteremia (infection in the blood stream)
pneumococcus (PPSV23)
who should not get the PCV13 vaccine
- severe allergic reactions to previous vaccine
- if person is not feeling well should probably wait until healthy
who should not get the PPSV23 vaccine
- anyone with severe allergic reaction to previous vaccine
- CHILDREN LESS THAN 2 YEARS OF AGE
- anyone moderately or severely ill should wait until healthy
- as a precaution pregnant women should not take it
what are teachings for pneumococcal bacteria and pneumonia
spread from person to person by direct contact
- many people especially children have the bacteria in their nose and throat without being ill
- daycares, schools and LTCF are at higher risk for pneumococcal disease
- need to get flu shot if not it increases the chance of getting it
what is the schedule for PCV13 vaccine
4 doses
2,4,6 and 12-15 months old
if older than 65 and no shot given in lifetime dose PCV13 then given PPSV23 12 months apart
what is the schedule for PPSV23 vaccine
recommended for all adults 65 years or older if ages 2-65 and have a major illness they need this vaccine as well
what is the vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella
MMR vaccine
who should not get MMR Vaccine
- anyone with allergic reactions to neomycin
- allergic reactions to previous dose of MMR
- sick people at time of injection
- PREGNANT WOMEN
pt teachings for MMR vaccine
- injected subQ
- may develop fever, rash
what is the schedule for MMR vaccine
2 dose series
1st dose= between 12-15 months
2nd dose= between ages 4-6
what disease is caused by the bacteria Neisseria meningitides which is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis
Meningococcal
can cause limb loss through amputation, hearing loss, problems with the nervous system, seizures, mental retardation and strokes
meningitis
who should not get the meningococcal vaccine
- allergic reactions to any part of the vaccine
- Pregnant women
- severely ill
- Guillain Barre syndrome
pt teaching for meningococcal vaccine
- children traveling to other countries
- severe shoulder pain
what is the schedule for meningococcal vaccine
age 11-12 a single dose of Menactro or Menveo
booster at age 16
16-18 can be vaccinated with Bexsero or Trumenba
65 and older
