Unit 4 Terms Flashcards
Stationary Point
Where derivative is 0
Second Derivative
Assists to determine the nature of the stationary point. If the value is negative then its a max if its negative then its a min
Global Max and Min
Occur at the end points of given domain.
Relationship between acceleration, velocity and position
The derivative of position is velocity and the derivative of velocity is acceleration.
Discrete Probability Distribution
Usually in a table with x on top and P(X=x) at the bottom which have a sum of 1.
Bernouli Trials
Is an event with 2 possible outcomes, probability of success is constant throughout trials, and trails are independent of each other.
Point of Inflection
Occurs when the double derivative is 0 (if there is more than 1 stationary point, a point of inflection exists)
Heron’s Formula
A = ½bcsinA
Sine Rule
a/sin A = b/sin B = c/sin C
(check answer: biggest angle has the largest side and smallest angle has smallest side)
Ambiguous Case
Must check for it every time the sine rule is used.
Cosine Rule
c2 = a2 + b2 -2abcosC
Random Sampling
When there is an equal probability of being selected
Unit
A single member of a finite population
Population
Is the set of units that make up a particular group
Census
Measures characteristics from the entire population
Sample
Is a subset of units taken from the entire population
Parameter
Numerical measure that describes a characteristic of as population
Statistics
Data from Sample
Undercoverage Bias
This occurs when a random sample is taken that is not truly representative of the population you wish to target
Nonresponse Bias
This occurs when a selected member cannot or will not corporate (eg people not willing to participate in a survey)
Response Bias
This occurs when a selected member of the sample may lie or give misleading answers
Population Proportion
This is the true proportion of the people or thing with a characteristic that occurs within the whole population.
Sample Proportion
This is the number of people or thing with a characteristic that occurs within the same (observation) over the number in the sample.
Sample Size
This is the number of people or things that make up the sample
Observation
For any one sample, the number of people or things that posses a certain characteristic
Positively Skewed
More likely to get less successes. Probability of Success is less than 0.5
Neutral Skewed
Roughly in the centre P = 0.5
Negatively Skewed
More likely to get higher success. Probability of success is mor than 0.5.
What to write when interpreting result
Based on a sample ___ and a sample estimate of mean I am confidence interval (%) from interval from ___ to ____ contains a true population p.
Non-Probability Sampling
There is no guarantee that each unit in the population has an equally likely chance of being selected.
Types of Non-Probability Sampling
Convenience, purposive and snowball.
What is convenience sampling?
Type of non-probability sampling and is a method of data collection from population members who are most conveniently able to participate in a survey.
Purposive Sampling
Survey participants are selected purely based on the judgement of the researcher
Snowball Sampling
Survey participants are encourages to use social networks and contacts to recruit additional participants.
Probability Sampling
Uses random selection. Each unit in the population has an equally likely chance of being selected.
