Unit 4 -sumn sumn sumn Flashcards

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1
Q

EOS

A

advantages of large scale production

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2
Q

Purchasing economies

A

special prices and discounts for buying in bulk

in order to maximise production efficiency in terms of economies

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3
Q

marketing/Advertising economies

A

cheaper advert offers than smaller firms

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4
Q

financial economies

A

more trust to larger firms

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5
Q

managerial economies

A

accountants, marketing managers can be hired which results in better decision being taken and reduction in overall unit costs

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6
Q

Technichal economies

A
  • use of specialist, indivisible equipment which are not available to small firms.
  • as a result they use flow of production and division of labour
  • leading to fast production and lower average costs
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7
Q

define

Marginal costs

A
  • the change in overall production costs if one extra unit is produced
  • the marginal costs involved in making one more wooden table are the additional materials and labour cost incurred.
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8
Q

Marginal cost formula

A

Marginal Cost = Change in Total Expenses ÷ Change in Quantity of Units Produced

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9
Q

Avg cost per unit formula

A

Total cost / output

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10
Q

BEP define

A

at this point cost=profit and revenue, no gain or loss.

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11
Q

Contribution per unit, def and formula

A
  • The excess of price over variable costs
  • cont. / unit = Selling price-variable costs
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12
Q

BEO form and def

A
  • FC/cont per unit
  • The minimum units to be made so no loss or profit
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13
Q

Margine of safety def and form

A
  • amt of units between BEO and max units. As this region is where theres a profit
  • margin of safety= Maximum capacity- Break even output
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14
Q

profit at masimum

A
  • ## Profit at maximum output = Contribution per unit X margin of safety
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15
Q

how would i calculate level of output needed to reach a certain profit?

A

(Fixed cost + target profit)/ Contribution per unit

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16
Q

state 3 diseconomies of scales

A
  • external stuff: crumbl cookies
  • Co-ordination: in a large firm
  • Human relations : salaries and communications.
17
Q

Total cost=

A

= fixed cost + variable cost

17
Q

TR from graph, how to graph it

A

multiply x-axis by SP

17
Q

Graphing TC

A
  • graph FC
  • Graph VC
  • take a point on x-axis, read the lines of FC and VC, add them and plot the point of TC at that unit amt.
18
Q

TC is prallel to —— by —– amt of lines

A
  • VC line
  • FC above 0 lines.

if the y axis goes up in 50 sales, and FC is at 100 sales, the FC line is 2 lines above 0. SO VC will be 2 lines under every point of FC

18
Q
A
18
Q

graphing VC

A

VC x units(x-axis)

18
Q
A
18
Q

step by step to graph BEP graph.

A
  • FC
  • VC
  • TC
  • TR
  • calc BEP
18
Q
A
18
Q
A