Unit 4 study guide Flashcards
Francis Bacon
Was a English philosopher and statesman who served as the Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England
Carolus Linnaeus
Was Swedish Botanist who considered the “Father of Taxonomy”
Denis Diderot
Philosopher who edited a book called the Encyclopedia which was banned by the French king and pope.
Parliament
A body of representatives that makes laws for a nation
Scientific Revolution
Is the period during the 16th and 17th centuries during which there was drastic change in scientific thought.
Nicolaus Copernicus
A Polish astronomer who proved that the Ptolemaic system was inaccurate, he proposed the theory that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the solar system.
polymath
a person of wide-ranging knowledge or learning
Galileo Galilei
Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars
Johannes Kepler
German astronomer who first stated laws of planetary motion (1571-1630)
Planetary Motion
Described the orbits of planets around the sun
Scientific Method
Method of procedure that includes observation, measurement, experimentation, and the formulation and testing of hypotheses
Isaac Newton
Defined the laws of motion and gravity. Tried to explain motion of the universe
Robert Boyle
Founder of modern chemistry
Robert Boyle
Founder of modern chemistry
Chemistry
Branch of science that deals with identification of the substance of which matter is composed
Robert Hooke
Was a British physicist who discovered elasticity
William Harvey
Was a English physician who made influential contributions in anatomy and physiology
Antoine Lavoisier
Was a English physician who made influential contributions in anatomy and physiology. Father of modern chemistry
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Was Dutch scientist and tradesman who made some incredible discoveries in biology. Invented the microscope
Joseph Priestly
Was English chemist, philosopher, theologian, and writer who best known for discovery of oxygen
Age of Enlightenment
the time period in the 1700s during which many Europeans began to break away from tradition and rethink political and social norms
Baron de Montesquieu
believed government should have separation of powers
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
A French man who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy
Voltaire
French philosopher and writer whose works epitomize the Age of Enlightenment, often attacking injustice and intolerance.