Unit 4 - States of Matter Flashcards

1
Q

Describe an ideal gas

A

A gas whose volume varies in proportion to the temperature and in inverse proportion ot the pressure

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2
Q

Describe a real gas

A

A gas that does not obey the ideal gas law, especially at low temperature and high pressure

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3
Q

What causes the pressure of a gas?

A

Collisions between the gas molecules and wall of the container

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4
Q

What is the equation for the ideal gas equation?

A

pV=nRT

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5
Q

What are the units for each factor in pV=nRT

A

p = Pressure in Pascals (Pa), V = Volume in m³, n = number of moles, R = gas constant (8.31JK⁻¹mol⁻¹), T = Temperature in Kelvin (K)

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6
Q

How do you convert from degrees celsius to kelvin?

A

(+)273

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7
Q

What is 1 atm of pressure in pascals?

A

100000 Pascals

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8
Q

How do you convert from cm³ to m³?

A

Divide by 10⁶

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9
Q

How do you convert from dm³ to m³?

A

Divide by 10³

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10
Q

What is melting point?

A

The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid at 1 atm of pressure

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11
Q

What is boiling point?

A

The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas at 1atm of pressure - The temperature at which vapour pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure

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12
Q

What is a lattice

A

A regularly repeating arrangement of ions, atoms or molecules in three dimensions

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13
Q

What are allotropes?

A

Different crystalline forms of the same element. Diamond, graphite and buckminster fullerene are allotropes of carbon

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14
Q

What is a fullerene?

A

Allotropes of carbon in the form of hollow spheres or tubes

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15
Q

What is a nanotube?

A

A fullerene of hexagonally arranged carbon atoms like a single layer of graphite bent into the form of a cylinder

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