Unit 4 - States of Matter Flashcards
Describe an ideal gas
A gas whose volume varies in proportion to the temperature and in inverse proportion ot the pressure
Describe a real gas
A gas that does not obey the ideal gas law, especially at low temperature and high pressure
What causes the pressure of a gas?
Collisions between the gas molecules and wall of the container
What is the equation for the ideal gas equation?
pV=nRT
What are the units for each factor in pV=nRT
p = Pressure in Pascals (Pa), V = Volume in m³, n = number of moles, R = gas constant (8.31JK⁻¹mol⁻¹), T = Temperature in Kelvin (K)
How do you convert from degrees celsius to kelvin?
(+)273
What is 1 atm of pressure in pascals?
100000 Pascals
How do you convert from cm³ to m³?
Divide by 10⁶
How do you convert from dm³ to m³?
Divide by 10³
What is melting point?
The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid at 1 atm of pressure
What is boiling point?
The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas at 1atm of pressure - The temperature at which vapour pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure
What is a lattice
A regularly repeating arrangement of ions, atoms or molecules in three dimensions
What are allotropes?
Different crystalline forms of the same element. Diamond, graphite and buckminster fullerene are allotropes of carbon
What is a fullerene?
Allotropes of carbon in the form of hollow spheres or tubes
What is a nanotube?
A fullerene of hexagonally arranged carbon atoms like a single layer of graphite bent into the form of a cylinder