Unit 4 roaring 20s Flashcards
Return to Normalcy
Return to Normalcy: A desire to return to the way of life before World War I, emphasizing peace, prosperity, and isolationism.
Isolationism
Isolationism: A foreign policy of avoiding involvement in other countries’ affairs, particularly after WWI.
Communism
Communism: A political ideology advocating for a classless society and the abolition of private property, linked to the Soviet Union.
Anarchy
Anarchy: A state of disorder due to lack of authority or government; in the 1920s, it was often associated with radical political movements.
Red Scare
Red Scare: A period of fear of communism and radical political ideas in the U.S. following the Russian Revolution of 1917.
Palmer Raids
Palmer Raids: A series of government-led actions in 1919-1920 targeting suspected radicals, anarchists, and communists.
Sacco and Vanzetti
Sacco and Vanzetti: Italian immigrants and anarchists who were controversially convicted and executed for a crime they may not have committed, sparking protests over fairness and anti-immigrant sentiments.
Teapot Dome Scandal
Teapot Dome Scandal: A bribery scandal during the Harding administration involving the leasing of federal oil reserves to private companies in exchange for kickbacks.
Nativism
Nativism: A belief that favors the interests of native-born citizens over immigrants, leading to prejudice against foreign-born individuals.
KKK (Ku Klux Klan)
KKK (Ku Klux Klan): A white supremacist group that experienced a resurgence in the 1920s, targeting African Americans, immigrants, Catholics, and Jews.
Immigrant Quota System
Immigrant Quota System: A set of laws in the 1920s that restricted immigration to the U.S. based on national origin, favoring Northern and Western Europeans.
Prohibition/18th Amendment
Prohibition/18th Amendment: A constitutional ban on alcohol (1919-1933), making it illegal to manufacture, sell, or distribute alcoholic beverages.
Bootlegger
Bootlegger: Someone who illegally produced, smuggled, or sold alcohol during Prohibition.
Speakeasy
Speakeasy: An illegal bar or nightclub where alcohol was sold during Prohibition.
Organized Crime
Organized Crime: Criminal enterprises that profited from illegal activities, such as bootlegging, especially during Prohibition.
Flapper
Flapper: A young woman in the 1920s who rejected traditional roles and embraced modern fashion, freedom, and attitudes.
Great Migration:
Great Migration: The movement of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North between 1916 and 1970, seeking better job opportunities and escaping racial discrimination.
Harlem Renaissance:
Harlem Renaissance: A cultural, artistic, and intellectual movement in the 1920s centered in Harlem, New York, highlighting African American culture.
Jazz
Jazz: A popular genre of music in the 1920s that originated from African American communities, featuring improvisation and syncopated rhythms.
Louis Armstrong
Louis Armstrong: A famous African American jazz musician, known for his trumpet playing and influential role in the development of jazz.
Tin Pan Alley
Tin Pan Alley: The collection of music publishers and songwriters in New York City who dominated popular music production in the early 20th century.
Langston Hughes:
Langston Hughes: A leading African American poet, social activist, and key figure of the Harlem Renaissance.
Marcus Garvey
Marcus Garvey: A Jamaican immigrant and civil rights leader who promoted Black nationalism, self-reliance, and a “Back to Africa” movement.
F. Scott Fitzgerald:
F. Scott Fitzgerald: An American author, known for writing The Great Gatsby, a novel capturing the essence of the Roaring Twenties.
Lost Generation
Lost Generation: A group of American writers who were disillusioned by the aftermath of WWI and often criticized society in the 1920s.
Charles Lindbergh
Charles Lindbergh: An American aviator who made the first solo nonstop transatlantic flight in 1927, gaining worldwide fame.
Spirit of Saint Louis
Spirit of Saint Louis: The name of the plane used by Charles Lindbergh in his historic 1927 flight from New York to Paris.
Fundamentalism
Fundamentalism: A religious movement that opposed modernism and believed in the literal interpretation of the Bible, gaining traction in the 1920s.
Scopes Trial
Scopes Trial: A 1925 court case in Tennessee where a teacher was tried for teaching evolution, challenging the law that banned its teaching in schools.
Social Darwinism
Social Darwinism: A belief that social and economic success was determined by natural selection, often used to justify inequality and racism.
Eugenics
Eugenics: A controversial movement that sought to improve the human race through selective breeding, often used to justify discriminatory policies against certain groups.
Radio/Advertisements
Radio/Advertisements: Radio became a dominant form of entertainment and advertising in the 1920s, revolutionizing communication and consumer culture.
Harding/Coolidge Economic Policies
Harding/Coolidge Economic Policies: Presidents Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge promoted pro-business policies, including tax cuts for the wealthy and minimal government intervention in the economy.
Mass Production
Mass Production: The large-scale production of goods using assembly lines, which made products like cars more affordable.
Henry Ford
Henry Ford: The founder of Ford Motor Company, known for revolutionizing the car industry with the mass production technique and the Model T.
Assembly Line
Assembly Line: A manufacturing process where each worker performs a specific task in the production of a product, greatly increasing efficiency and output.
Installment Plan
Installment Plan: A way to purchase goods by paying for them in small, regular payments over time, making consumer products more accessible.
Buying on Margin
Buying on Margin: The practice of buying stocks with borrowed money, which contributed to the stock market boom and eventual crash in 1929.
Consumerism
Consumerism: The increasing focus on the acquisition of goods and services, which flourished during the 1920s due to mass production and advertising.
Overproduction of Farm Goods
Overproduction of Farm Goods: During the 1920s, farmers produced more crops than the market could absorb, leading to falling prices and economic hardship for many in the agricultural sector.
