unit 4 - rates, rules, etc.

Question 1

rate of natural increase (closed population)

Answer 1

N’(t) = B(t) - D(t)

Question 2

rate of natural increase (open population)

Answer 2

N’(t) = B(t) - D(t) + I(t) - E (t)

Question 3

birth rate

Answer 3

The number of live births per 1,000 organisms

Question 4

fertility rate

Answer 4

The number of children an average woman would have in her lifetime based on current trends in reproductive numbers.

Question 5

reproductive strategies

Answer 5

The way a species uses its energy to produce offspring.

Question 6

death rate

Answer 6

The number of deaths per 1,000 organisms

Question 7

r-selected species

Answer 7

Species that produce many offspring, each of which has a small chance of surviving to maturity;
successful in unstable environments in which conditions change rapidly.

Question 8

K-selected species

Answer 8

species that produce few offspring, each of which have a relatively high probability of surviving maturity;
typically successful in stable environments

Question 9

linear growth model

Answer 9

displays a constant rate of change. Linear growth doesn’t normally occur over a long time in nature but can be seen over short term sometimes.

Pt is the population size at a later date, P0 is initial population, GR is the growth rate, and t is the amount of elapsed time with the equation
Pt = (P0 ∙ GR ∙ t)

Question 10

exponential growth model

Answer 10

Rate of change increases exponentially. Exponential growth is observed in populations in which breeding occurs nonstop or when generations overlap.

Pt is the population size at a later date, P0 is the initial population, GR is the growth rate, and t is the amount of elapsed time with the equation
Pt = P0 ∙ e(GR ∙ t)