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Biochem Loyola > Unit 4 Quiz 1 and 2 > Flashcards

Unit 4 Quiz 1 and 2 Flashcards

1
Q

All of the following statements about acetyl CoA carboxylase are correct except
A) It catalyzes the rate limiting step of fatty acid synthesis
B) It requires biotin
C) It is inhibited by cAMP-mediated phosphorylation
D) Palmitoyl CoA is an activator
E) Its cellular content responds to changes in fat content in the diet

A

D) Palmitoyl CoA is not an activator, it’s an inhibitor

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2
Q

Bile acids differ from their precursor cholesterol in that they
A) Are not amphipathic
B) Contain an ionizable carboxyl group
C) Contain less oxygen
D) Are synthesized primarily in the intestine
E) Contain more double bonds

A

B) contain an ionizable carboxyl group

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3
Q

Cytosolic fatty acid synthesis requires Acetyl CoA which is provided via _____________ from the mitochondria?

A

citrate

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4
Q

After the removal of all sugar units from a ganglioside, what molecule remains?

A

Ceramide

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5
Q

Sphingolipids are synthesized in a pathway that begins in the ER and is degraded in the ___________, but these lipids are enriched in the plasma membrane, where they perform many of their functions.

A

Lysosome

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6
Q

The main lipid of chylomicrons (formed in the intestine) is ___________

A

TAG

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7
Q

The apoproteins of chylomicrons (formed in the intestine) is _________

A

B-48 (A, C, E)

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8
Q

The function of chylomicrons (formed in the intestine)

A

Transportation of dietary TAG to adipose and other tissues

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9
Q

The main lipid of remnant chylomicrons is

A

TAG

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10
Q

The apoproteins of remnant chylomicrons is

A

B-48 (A, C, E)

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11
Q

The function of remnant chylomicrons is

A

Deliver remaining dietary TAG to the liver.

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12
Q

How do remnant chylomicrons deliver remaining dietary TAG to the liver?

A

Exchanges TAG for CE from HDL and delivers the CE to the liver

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13
Q

What is the main lipid of VLDL (formed in the liver)

A

TAG

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14
Q

What is the apoprotein of VLDLs

A

B-100 (A, C, E)

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15
Q

What is the function of VLDLs

A

Transport endogenously synthesized TAG to adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and heart muscle

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16
Q

How do VLDLs transport endogenously synthesized TAG?

A

Exchanges TAG for CE from HDL and delivers the CE to the liver

17
Q

What is the main lipid of IDL-VLDL remnant (formed via processing of VLDL in the circulation)

A

TAG and cholesterol

18
Q

What is the apoprotein associated with IDL-VLDL remnant (formed via processing of VLDL in the circulation)

A

B-100, E

19
Q

What is the function of IDL-VLDL remnant (formed via processing of VLDL in the circulation)

A

Delivers remaining TAG and cholesterol to the liver.

20
Q

How do IDL-VLDL remnants (formed via processing of VLDL in the circulation) deliver TAG to the liver

A

Exchanges TAG for CE from HDL. Delivers CE to the liver.

21
Q

What is the main lipid in LDLs (Formed via processing of IDL in the circulation)

A

Cholesterol

22
Q

What is the apoprotein associated with LDLs (Formed via processing of IDL in the circulation)

A

B-100

23
Q

What is the function of LDLs (Formed via processing of IDL in the circulation)

A

Deliver cholesterol to the liver and other cells, including steroidogenic cells

24
Q

What is the main lipid of HDLs (formed in the liver; some formed in the intestines)

A

Cholesterol

25
Q

What is the apoprotein associated with HDLs (formed in the liver; some formed in the intestines)

A

A’s (C, E)

26
Q

What is the function of HDLs (formed in the liver; some formed in the intestines)

A

Accept cholesterol from peripheral cells, esterify it, and transport CE to the liver

27
Q

How do HDLs (formed in the liver; some formed in the intestines) get to the liver?

A

Exchange CE for TAG in VLDL, IDL, and chylomicron remnants

28
Q

How are HDLs (formed in the liver; some formed in the intestines) atheroprotective

A

Via enzymes such as paraoxonase that inhibit LDL oxidation

29
Q

HDLs (formed in the liver; some formed in the intestines) serve as a reservoir for _______

A

Circulating apoproteins (A, C, and E), which are transported to other lipoprotein particles

30
Q

What is the major lipoprotein(s) associated with B-48

A

Chylomicron

31
Q

What is the function of apoprotein B-48

A

Secretion

32
Q

What is the major lipoprotein(s) associated with B-100

A

VLDL, IDL, LDL

33
Q

What is the function of the B-100 apoprotein

A

Bind LDL receptors and VLDL secretion (vesicular trafficking pathway)

34
Q

What is the major lipoprotein(s) associated with A-1 apoprotein

A

HDL

35
Q

What is the function of the A-1 apoprotein

A

Activates LCAT (lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase; esterifies cholesterol) and binds HDL receptor

36
Q

What is the major lipoprotein(s) associated with C-II apoprotein

A

CyM, VLDL, IDL, HDL

37
Q

What is the major function of the C-II apoprotein

A

Cofactor: activates lipoprotein lipase

38
Q

What is the major lipoprotein(s) associated with apoprotein E

A

CyM, VLDL, IDL, HDL

39
Q

What is the major function of apoprotein E?

A

Clearance via binding to LRP (LDL receptor related protein)

Biochem Loyola (14 decks)

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