Unit 4: Probability, Random Variables, and Probability Distributions

Question 1

Law of Large Numbers

Answer 1

The law of large numbers states that simulated probabilities tend to get closer to the true probability as the number of trials increases.

Question 2

Complement of A

Answer 2

P(A’)=1-P(A)

The probability of everything that is NOT event A.

Complement can also be denoted as P(A^c).

Question 3

Mutually exclusive events…

Answer 3

cannot occur together

Question 4

Addition Rule

“or”

Answer 4

Question 5

Multiplication Rule

“and”

Answer 5

Question 6

Given Rule

The probability of A given that B already occured.

Answer 6

Question 7

Independence occurs when…

Answer 7

Question 8

Discrete random variable

Answer 8

a variable that can only take on countable values (whole numbers)

Question 9

Continuous random variable

Answer 9

a variable that can have infinitly many values between two numbers (decimals)

Usually something measurable

Question 10

Expected Value for discrete random variables

Answer 10

Typically the problem will give you a probability distribution table.

Question 11

Standard deviation for a discrete random variable

Answer 11

Question 12

Transformations on expected value

Answer 12

You can add, subtract, multiply and divide to find the new mean

Question 13

Transformations on standard deviation

Answer 13

Can only multiply to get new standard deviation

Question 14

Combining standard devations

Answer 14

Question 15

Combining means

Answer 15

Question 16

Binomial Formula

Answer 16

Question 17

Mean for binomial

Answer 17

Question 18

standard devation for binomial

Answer 18

Question 19

How do you know when to use binomial?

Answer 19

The problem will give you n (sample size)

Question 20

How do you know when to use geometric?

Answer 20

The problem will ask for the FIRST success

Question 21

Mean of geometric

Answer 21

Question 22

standard deviation of geometric

Answer 22