Unit 4- Political Beliefs and Ideologies

Question 1

Conservative

Answer 1

someone who favors limited government involvement, especially in economic affairs

Question 2

Cross-Over Voting

Answer 2

Voting by a member of one party for a candidate of another party.

Question 3

Demographics

Answer 3

the study of a population based on factors such as age, race, gender, occupation, and income level.

Question 4

Entrance Poll

Answer 4

voters asked about which candidate they are going to vote for and why before walking into a poll site

Question 5

Exit Poll

Answer 5

Conducted as voters leave selected polling places on election day; asks people who they voted for; used to help predict election outcomes

Question 6

Fiscal Policy

Answer 6

the use of government spending and taxation to influence the economy.

Question 7

Focus Group

Answer 7

a small group of voters chosen by a political campaign for their demographic similarities who are brought together to gauge how the group they represent feels about the candidate.

Question 8

Globalization

Answer 8

The increasing interconnectedness of people, cultures, economies, and nations is facilitated by technology, trade, and cultural diffusion.

Question 9

Keynesianism

Answer 9

supports an active role of the government in regulating the marketplace.

Question 10

Liberal

Answer 10

One who favors more government regulation of business and support for social welfare but less regulation of private social conduct

Question 11

Libertarian

Answer 11

One who is conservative on economic issues, liberal on personal conduct issues

Question 12

Margin of Error

Answer 12

a measure of the accuracy of a public opinion poll; -/3/+

Question 13

Mass Survey

Answer 13

A way to measure public opinion by interviewing a large sample of the population. This is the most common type of survey.

Question 14

Moderate

Answer 14

A person who takes a relatively centrist or middle-of-the-road view on political issues

Question 15

Monetary Policy

Answer 15

influence the manipulation of interest rates, the supply of money and credit, and the exchange rate.

Question 16

Motor Voter Law

Answer 16

requires all states to allow voters to register by mail when they renew their driver’s licenses and provides for the placement of voter registration

Question 17

Party Platform

Answer 17

A political party’s statement of its goals and policies for the next four years

Question 18

Political Culture

Answer 18

widely shared beliefs and values about how citizens relate to government

Question 19

Political Efficacy

Answer 19

The citizens’ faith and trust in government and their belief that they can understand and influence political affairs

Question 20

Political Ideology

Answer 20

the set of ideas, beliefs, and values that individuals have about how government should work and the kinds of policies that government should implement

Question 21

Political Polarization

Answer 21

the effect on public opinion when many citizens move away from moderate positions and toward either end of the political spectrum

Question 22

Political Socialization

Answer 22

the process in which people develop their political values, beliefs, attitudes and ideology

Question 23

Populist

Answer 23

a political doctrine that appeals to the interests and conceptions (such as hopes and fears) of the general population

Question 24

Progressive

Answer 24

A person who believes that moral rules are derived in part from an individual’s beliefs and the circumstances of modern life. Progressives are likely to favor government tolerance and protection of individual choice.

Question 25

Prospective Judgement

Answer 25

a voter’s evaluation of a candidate based on what he or she pledges to do about an issue if elected

Question 26

Public Opinion

Answer 26

the distribution of individual preferences or evaluations of a given issue, candidate, or institution within a specific population

Question 27

Push Polls

Answer 27

polls taken for the purpose of providing information on an opponent that would lead respondents to vote against that candidate.

Question 28

Random Sampling

Answer 28

a method of poll selection that gives each person in a group the same chance of being selected

Question 29

Retrospective Judgement

Answer 29

A voter’s evaluation of the performance of the party in power.

Question 30

Salience

Answer 30

The degree to which an issue is important to a particular individual or group.

Question 31

Sampling Error

Answer 31

occurs when the sample used in the study does not represent the entire population

Question 32

Social Conservative

Answer 32

prefer government enforcement on social issues

Question 33

Statist

Answer 33

The idea that the rights of the nation are supreme over the rights of the individuals who make up the nation

Question 34

Straw Polls

Answer 34

unscientific survey used to gauge public opinion on a variety of issues and policies

Question 35

Supply-Side

Answer 35

increasing the supply of goods translates to economic growth for a country

Question 36

Tracking Poll

Answer 36

continuous surveys that enable a campaign or news organization to chart a candidate’s daily rise or fall in support

Question 37

Benchmark Poll

Answer 37

initial poll on a candidate and issues on which campaign strategy is based and against which later polls are compared

Question 38

Rule of Law

Answer 38

all citizens and government institutions are subject to the law and the justice system

Question 39

Equality of Opportunity

Answer 39

each person should have an equal chance at success and that no person should be limited by circumstances outside of her control

Question 40

Free Enterprise

Answer 40

The ability of individual people and businesses to make money with minimal interference by the government

Question 41

Wedge Issues

Answer 41

a controversial or divisive nature, which splits apart a demographic or population group.