unit 4: political behavior and elections Flashcards
which type of election has higher voter turnout?
presidential
during which type of election do people have stronger ideologies?
midterms, generally people who are more politically engaged
what did the 15th amendment do?
intended to end race-based voting requirements
what did the 19th amendment do?
women can vote
what did the voting rights act of 1965 do?
guaranteed right to vote for minorities
what did the 23rd amendment do?
D.C. right to vote for presidential electors
what did the 24th amendment do?
eliminated poll tax
what did the 26th amendment do?
lowered voting age from 21 to 18
which type of party is totalitarian, undemocratic?
one-party
which type of party has less choice, and lots of stability?
bi-party
which type of party has more choice, and less stability?
multi-party
what is gerrymandering?
manipulating of districts to favor one political party, done at census every 10 years
when are primaries?
January of election year
when is the national party convention?
summer of election year
what is the difference between a closed and open primary?
closed: only declared members can vote for a specific party
open: any qualified voter can choose to vote for any one party
what’s FECA?
Federal Election Campaign Act, established hard money, limits donations to campaign and how much candidates can spend on campaign
labor unions, corporations, could not contribute money to campaigns
what was a loophole to FECA?
soft money: money given to parties instead of directly to candidate
what happened in Buckley v. Valeo?
S.C. ruling on FECA, struck down limit on candidate spending because of first amendment free speech
limit: receiving money from gov for campaign
what’s BRCA/McCain Feingold Act?
banned soft money to parties, increased hard money cap on money indiv could give to campaign, upheld that no labor union/company could donate to campaign
what is an independent expenditure group?
527, group of people that raise unlimited soft money to spend on behalf of a candidate
no money directly to candidate
what’s swiftboating?
attack on a political candidate with goal of discrediting them
what is the 3 dollar fund?
public financing for a campaign
what happened in Citizens United vs. FEC?
Citizens United made a video that talked bad about Hillary, thought violated BRCA, S.C. said it was protected by free speech
led to development of SuperPACs, soft money, no limits on spending, can’t coordinate with candidate
what kind of money do PAC’s collect?
hard money
what kind of money do SuperPACs collect?
soft money