Unit 4 - Phonological Awareness Flashcards
Phonological Awareness
An umbrella term to describe the ability to hear chunks of spoken language, divided into four levels:
Word Level, Syllable Level, Onset-Rime Level and Phoneme Level.
Phonemic Awareness
Ability to hear spoken phonemes AND manipulate them within a word.
Phonics
when you pair spoken language to written expression. (reading and writing)
Rhyming
The repetition of similar sounds in the final stressed syllable two or more words.
Phonogram
a grapheme which represents a phoneme or combination of phonemes, such as the letters of the Latin alphabet or the Japanese kana. For example, “igh” is an English-language phonogram that represents the hard “I” sound in “high”.
Onset-Rime
The initial unit of sound in a syllable followed by the chunk of sounds after it that usually begins with a vowel.
(b ear, tr ain, sh ade)
Word Family
groups of words that have a common pattern or groups of letters with the same sound. For example, the “ain” word family includes brain, chain, gain, pain, rain, and so on.
Phoneme
The smallest unit of sound within a spoken language.
Blending
combining sounds to create a spoken word.
Segmenting
ability to break words into individual sounds.
Deletion
ability to identify how a word would be spoken if the a phoneme were deleted. (spear - p = sear)
Manipulation and Substitution
ability to modify, change or move individual sounds within a word. (cat, car, cab, cob, rob, knob)
Isolation
ability to identify where a sound is located within a word.
Knob /n/ initial sound, /o/ medial sound, /b/ final sound.
Blendable sounds
phonemes that can be put together to make a spoken chunk of sound. (gr, sa, ly, etc.) phonemes that do not fit together are gt, qg, pt, etc.
Syllable
a unit of sound having one vowel sound with or without surrounding consonants.
Simple Words
words with one free morpheme. ( A free morpheme is a word that can stand alone. cat, tree, monster, lake)
Compound Words
words that have two free morphemes ( cup+cake, base+ball, birth+day)
Complex Words
at least one free morpheme or root word paired with at least one bound morpheme or affix ( re+read = reread, happy+ness = hapiness, non+violent = nonviolent)
Morpheme
the smallest meaningful unit in a language. It is not necessarily the same as a word. The main difference between it and a word is that sometimes it does not stand alone, but a word, by definition, always stands alone.
