Unit 4 - Part 2 Vocab

Question 1

The method of human communication either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.

Answer 1

Language

Question 2

Arrangement of words, pronouns replace proper nouns.

Answer 2

Syntax

Question 3

Perceptually distinct units of sound in a specified language that distinguish one word from another.

Answer 3

Phoneme

Question 4

Smallest grammatical unit in a language

Answer 4

Morpheme

Question 5

_________ argued that children will never acquire the tools needed for processing an infinite number of sentences if the language acquisition mechanism was dependent on language input alone.

Answer 5

Chomsky

Question 6

Essential to life

Answer 6

Need

Question 7

an innate, biologically determined urge to attain a goal or satisfy a need.

Answer 7

Drive

Question 8

the reason or reasons one has for acting or behaving in a particular way.

Answer 8

Motivation

Question 9

Theory of motivation that suggests that behavior is primarily driven by innate biological forces

Answer 9

Instinct Theory

Question 10

Theory of motivation that suggests that the desire to reduce the aroused state caused by a psychological need is what drives behavior

Answer 10

Drive-Reduction Theory

Question 11

Theory of motivation that suggests that much of our behavior can be attributed to the desire to find a balanced aroused state between boredom and stress.

Answer 11

Optimal arousal theory

Question 12

The desire to behave in certain ways to receive external rewards or avoid threatened punishment.

Answer 12

Extrinsic Motivation

Question 13

The desire to perform a behavior effectively for its own sake

Answer 13

Intrinsic Motivation

Question 14

Refers to a situation in which our attitude, thoughts, or behaviors may be conflicting.

Answer 14

Cognitive Dissonance

Question 15

The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and our knowledge to adapt to new situations

Answer 15

Intelligence

Question 16

When something is done successfully, typically by effort, courage, or skill.

Answer 16

Achievement

Question 17

Charles Spearman believed this was the ability to reason and solve problems

Answer 17

General Intelligence

Question 18

the capacity to be aware of, control, and express one’s emotions, and to handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically.

Answer 18

Emotional Intelligence

Question 19

Individuals who have a remarkable talent even though they are mentally slow in other domains.

Answer 19

Savant

Question 20

a natural instinctive state of mind deriving from one’s circumstances, mood, or relationships with others.

Answer 20

Emotion

Question 21

This theory states that our emotions are caused by our interpretation of bodily reactions.

Answer 21

James-Lange Theory

Question 22

This theory states that people can experience physiological arousal without experiencing emotion.

Answer 22

Cannon-Bard Theory

Question 23

This theory states that emotion is based on two factors: physiological arousal and cognitive label.

Answer 23

Two-Factor Theory

Question 24

_________ argued that children learn language based on behaviorist reinforcement principles by associating words with meanings.

Answer 24

Skinner