Unit 4 - Organizing and Staffing the Lab Flashcards
What is Organizing?
- Identifying and grouping the work to be performed
- Defining and delegating responsibility and authority - Establishing relationship to enable the people to work most effectively together in accomplishing objectives.
A ______ is self-contained collection of interacting and interdependent components working together toward a common purpose.
system
What are the Characteristics of Organizational Systems?
a. Primary task
b. Hierarchy of system
c. Open systems
d. Equilibrium
e. Self-regulation
What are the three (3) distinct functions of Organizational system?
- Input mechanism
- Transformation
- Output mechanism
Backbone of management.”
Organizing
The term “______” means a collection of people working together under a defined structure for the purpose of achieving a predetermined outcome.
organization
It is the defined duties that are necessary because of the nature of system‘s products or services
Primary task
It is the feedback process by which the system monitors performance and provides information to its members.
Self-regulation
Systems that interact with their environment by both receiving and delivering product services.
Open systems
It is a state of stability within and between the system and its environment.
Equilibrium
What is the goal of the laboratory?
to release accurate and reliable results in a timely manner
It is the process of whereby self-contained subsystems develop within a parent organization such as a laboratory within a hospital.
Hierarchy of system
TRUE OR FALSE
Transformation which is the internal process whereby resources received through the input channels are converted into the products and services produced by the organization.
TRUE
_______ is the process of delivering the goods and services produced to the external environment.
Output mechanism
Give examples of input.
Specimen
Test requests
Supplies
Give examples of TRANSFORMATION PROCESS
Staff
Instruments
Processes
______ is the process through which needed resources are acquired and replaced.
Input mechanism
Give examples of OUTPUT
Test Results
The Clinical laboratory is an open system with what type of model?
congruency model
congruency model has four important aspects or elements:
- Formal organization
- Informal organization
- People
- Work
An organizational design consists of four structural components, namely:
- Functional component
- Self-contained component
- Matrix component
- Network Component
It is the hierarchal organizational levels.
Functional component
In Functional component, specialized units report is reported in an ______ chain of command.
upward
A ________ or _______ is the diagram or chart that identifies the major operational units of an organization and their attending job position.
Table of Organization or Organizational Chart
Differentiate tall structure and flat structure from each other
Tall structure – many management layers
Flat structure – few management layers
In self-contained component, division of work areas is based according to _________.
specialization
What are the 4 areas of services in the laboratory?
Specialty testing
Clinical services
Anatomical services
Transfusion services
Specialty testing is focused on ________.
examining special specimens
The clinical services are concerned with _________.
routine or special laboratory examinations
Anatomical services cover_____,_______, ______, etc.
biopsy
histopathology
autopsy
________ is an extension of the blood banking section.
Transfusion service
It shows the different areas of work and person assigned as section head.
Matrix component
It reflects an information technology model.
Network Component
What are the Factors that Influence the Design and Structure of the Organization
- Organizational goals and strategic direction
- Technological Capabilities
- Size
- Environment
- Leadership style, Member Behavior and Organizational culture
What are the elements of laboratory organization?
Level of authority
Level of communication
Division of work
It is the legal right to command actions by others and to enforce compliance.
Authority
Authority can be divided into two aspects, namely:
- Position authority (derived from holding the position)
- Personal authority (derived from characteristics of a leader).
It is the temporary assignment of authority and responsibility to perform a duty normally performed as a supervisor.
Delegation of authority
How is Delegation of authority works?
When a task is delegated, the authority transfers to the one whom the task was delegated. However, the responsibility for delegating the task remains with the manager.
What are the factors affecting delegation?
- delegation route
- fear of delegation
- when, how and whom to delegate.
This is a type and role of authority that comes from outside the chain of command.
Staff Authority
This is a type and role of authority that is the relationship in which superior exercises direct supervision over a subordinate.
Line Authority
This is a type and role of authority that is a
concept that most organizations employ in designing organizational structure.
Line and Staff Authority
What are the PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND AUTHORITY
- Departmentalization
- Decentralization
- Unity of command
- Scalar Principle
- Span of Control
- Exception Principle
This is where the decision-making process is brought as close to those who are actually performing the work as possible.
Decentralization
The manager and stall are able to do their jobs without having to check with the supervisor about every detail.
Exception Principle
Each individual must have only one boss.
Unity of command
Related activities are grouped together to expedite the production process, that is specialization.
Departmentalization
There is a definable limit to the number of people one person can effectively supervise, within the limits of specific work condition.
Span of Control
Supervision should be a linear system providing a direct vertical link from the board of directors to the lowest level worker.
Scalar Principle
________ is the process of organizing work into jobs.
Job design
________ is the process of collecting and analyzing information about tasks, work flow and jobs being done in an organization so that job descriptions, work standards and performance appraisal systems can be developed.
Job analysis
________ is a collection of tasks, duties and
responsibilities assigned to an individual worker.
Job
These are written declarations of given job positions.
Job description and Performance appraisals
It is the process of matching the number and types of people with jobs that meet the goals and structure of the organization.
Staffing
It supplements the table of organization by providing definition to all position.
Job Description
It is the basis for preparing an advertisement for the position and the basis for employee evaluation.
Job Description
The sections of a job description should include:
Title of the organization
Job Title
Job specifications
Summary of duties for the position
Reporting relationships or authority level
Preparer
Date of preparation and activation
Approval signatures
This is the position summary. It also represents the requirement for employment of a given job.
Job specifications
Heart of the document.
Summary of duties for the position
It focuses on matching people on a day-to-day basis with the fluctuating workload of the laboratory.
Scheduling
What are the other issues in organizing?
Re-Organization
Reengineering
Benchmarking
existing organization undergoes changes in size and shape
Re-Organization
Determine what issues in organizing is being asked.
use of robotics to automate
Reengineering
Determine what issues in organizing is being asked.
cost per test
Benchmarking
Determine what issues in organizing is being asked.
number of test performed per full time employee
Benchmarking
Determine what issues in organizing is being asked.
pneumatic tube system to transport specimens
Reengineering
